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Anatomy (S2)(Unit 1) > Neurology (02/04) Cranial Nerves IX, X, XI, & XII > Flashcards

Neurology (02/04) Cranial Nerves IX, X, XI, & XII Flashcards

1
Q

A patient reports a loss of pain sensation on the left side of the face after a stroke. what is the most likely location for this lesion?

A

left spinal trigeminal tract/nucleus

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2
Q

some patient with loss of pain sensation on the left side of the face. what brainstem level is most likely involved?

A

left lateral, dorsal medulla

spinal trigeminal tract is lateral in the brainstem

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3
Q

what is the axon type for CN XII?

A

somatic motor

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4
Q

what is the origin for XII?

A

hypoglossal nucleus

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5
Q

what is the peripheral termination for XII?

A

tongue mm

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6
Q

what is the main m of the tongue that XII innervates?

A

genioglossus (in charge of tongue protrusion)

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7
Q

where does XII exit the brainstem?

A

adjacent to pyramid

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8
Q

what three things result from hypoglossal nerve (LMN) lesion?

A
  • deviation TOWARD lesion
  • fasciculations [LMN]
  • atrophy [LMN]
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9
Q

CN XII also has corticobulbar fibers from the motor cortex associated with it. where do these fibers decussate?

A

adjacent to hypoglossal nucleus

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10
Q

what three things result form corticobulbar (UMN of XII) lesion?

A
  • deviation towards OPPOSITE side (bc it decussates)
  • no fasciculations [UMN]
  • minimal atrophy [UMN]
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11
Q

what type of axon type is CN XI?

A

branchial motor

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12
Q

where is the CNS origin for CN XI?

A

accessory nucleus in cervical spinal cord

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13
Q

where is the peripheral termination of CN XI?

A

sternocleidomastoid m and trapezius

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14
Q

where is the accessory nucleus located?

A

cervical spinal cord

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15
Q

what three things occur due to accessory nerve lesion on the trapezius m?

A
  • scapula and clavicle hang due to weak trapezius
  • weak shoulder shrug as levator scapulae must work alone
  • muscle atrophy leads to scalloped appearance of neck contour
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16
Q

what is the CNS origin of the somatic sensory division of CN IX?

A

spinal trigeminal nucleus/

superior ganglion of IX

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17
Q

what is the peripheral termination of the somatic sensory division of CN IX?

A

skin of outer ear

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18
Q

what is the CNS origin of the visceral sensory division of CN IX?

A

nucleus of solitary tract/

inferior ganglion of IX

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19
Q

what is the peripheral termination of the visceral sensory division of CN IX?

A

-taste buds and mucosa on posterior 1/3 of the tongue and corotid body & sinus, and pharynx and middle ear

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20
Q

what is the CNS origin of the visceral motor division of CN IX?

A

inferior salivatory nucleus/

otic ganglion

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21
Q

what is the peripheral termination of the visceral motor division of CN IX?

A

parotid gland

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22
Q

CN IX (glossopharyngeal) has afferents that are responsible for the measurement and detection of changes in blood pressure of the ____ ____ and ____ ____

A
  • carotid body

- carotid sinus

23
Q

the CN IX efferent fibers that innervate stylopharyngeus m and other pharyngeal and laryngeal mm synapse in ____ ____

A

nucleus ambiguous

24
Q

regarding glossopharyngeal neuralgia, sudden burst of pain start in the _____ _____ or wall of _____, then radiate to the ____

A
  • posterior tongue
  • pharynx
  • ear
25
Q

regarding glossopharyngeal neuralgia, the trigger zone is on the _____/_____ and attacks are precipitated by ____ or ______

A
  • tongue/pharynx
  • swallowing
  • talking
26
Q

what is the CNS origin for the brachial motor axon division of CN IX?

A

-nucleus ambiguus

27
Q

what is the peripheral origin of the brachial division of CN IX?

A

pharynx (stylopharyngeus)

28
Q

what is the CNS origin of the somatic sensory division of CN X?

A

spinal trigeminal nucleus/
superior ganglion of X

(same as IX)

29
Q

what is the peripheral origin of the somatic sensory division of CN X?

A

skin of outer ear (same as IX)

30
Q

what is the CNS origin of the visceral sensory division of CN X?

A

nucleus of the solitary tract/
inferior ganglion of X

(same as IX)

31
Q

what is the peripheral origin of the visceral sensory division of CN X?

A

taste buds: epiglottis &esophagus

thoracic and abdominal viscera, mucosa of larynx and pharynx

32
Q

what is the CNS origin of the visceral motor division of CN X?

A

dorsal motor nucleus/

nucleus ambiguus

33
Q

what is the peripheral termination for the visceral motor division of CN X?

A

thoracic and abdominal viscera

34
Q

what is the CN origin of the brachial division of CN X?

A

nucleus ambiguus

35
Q

what is the peripheral termination of the brachial division of CN X?

A

larynx and pharynx

36
Q

what is the CNS nucleus that has fibers from both CN’s 9 and 10?

A

nucleus ambiguus

37
Q

where is the lowest point of parasympathetic innervation from the cranial nerves?

A

left colic flexure (anything below it is supplied by sacral)

38
Q

the LATERAL efferent of CN X coming out of nucleus ambiguous deal with mm of ____ and _____

A
  • speech

- swallowing

39
Q

the MEDIAL efferents of CN X coming out of nucleus ambiguous deal with the ____ and ____

A
  • heart

- lungs

40
Q

regarding CN X, the ____ _____ nucleus of the vagus deals with all viscera up to transverse colon (parasympathetic)

A

dorsal motor

41
Q

what nerve is the AFFERENT component of the gag reflex?

A

CN IX

42
Q

what nerve is the EFFERENT component of the gag reflex/

A

CN X

43
Q

concerning the gag reflex, you touch on side of the ______ to elicit a ______ response

A
  • pharynx

- bilateral

44
Q

what are the two possibilities for the AFFERENT component of the tongue thrust reflex?

A

V or IX

45
Q

what is the EFFERENT component of the tongue thrust reflex?

A

XII

46
Q

clinical consideration dealing with the response to a trigger, the vagus decreases heart rate and blood pressure, decreasing cerebral blood row, resulting in fainting and confusion

A

vasovagal syncope

47
Q

clinical consideration when stimulating the vagal nerve to modulate mood or seizure activity

A

vagal nerve stimulator

48
Q

what four nerves are at risk for jugular foramen syndrome?

A
  • IX
  • X
  • XI
  • XII
49
Q

concerning jugular foramen syndrome, pain in the ear is due to what two cranial nerves?

A
  • IX

- X

50
Q

concerning jugular foramen syndrome, headaches and meningeal irritation are due to what cranial nerve?

A

X

51
Q

concerning jugular foramen syndrome, hoarseness is due to what cranial nerve?

A

X

52
Q

concerning jugular foramen syndrome, dysphagia is due to what cranial nerve?

A

X

53
Q

concerning jugular foramen syndrome, loss of a gag reflex is due to what two cranial nerves?

A
  • IX

- X

54
Q

concerning jugular foramen syndrome, the uvula deflects to side that is ______ to lesion due to the unopposed levator palati

A

contralateral

Anatomy (S2)(Unit 1) (10 decks)

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