Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy (S2)(Unit 1) > Neurology (02/02) Cranial Nerves V & VII > Flashcards

Neurology (02/02) Cranial Nerves V & VII Flashcards

1
Q

injury to the abducens nerve results in ____ ____

A

medial strabismus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

concerning the pupillary reflex, the efferent limb is the _____ nerve

A

oculomotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

concerning the pupillary reflex, input from cranial nerve II is sent where?

A

edinger westphal nucleus (bilaterally)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

accommodation includes what three things?

A
  • contraction of ciliary m to all lens to thicken centrally
  • convergence of eyes by slight inc in medial rectus m tone bilaterally
  • contraction of sphincter pupillae to constrict pupils
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where does the trigeminal nerve come off of the brain?

A

lateral pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where does the facial nerve come off of the brain?

A

between pons and cerebellum (cellebopontine angle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what nerve runs directly in the middle of cranial nerve VII?

A

nervus intermedius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the general sensory nerve for the head?

A

CN V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

concerning CN V, what is the CNS origin of the somatic sensory division concerned with muscle spindles and other mechanoreceptors?

A

mesencephalic nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

concerning CN V, what is the CNS origin of the somatic sensory division concerned with skin and deep tissues of head and dura?

A

spinal and main sensory nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

concerning CN V, what is the CNS origin for the brachial division concerned with muscles of mastication and the tensor tympani and others?

A

trigeminal motor nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CN V transmits ____, _____, _____ and _____ from the head to cortex, cerebellum, and reticular formation

A
  • tactile
  • proprioceptive
  • pain
  • temperature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CN V is to the head with _____ and _____ are to the body

A
  • dorsal root ganglia

- dorsal roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vi is concerned with the ____ ____ and is ____ only

A
  • upper face

- sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Vii is concerned with the _____ ____ and is ____ only

A
  • middle face

- sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Viii is concerned with the ____ ____ and is _____

A
  • lower face

- sensory and motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

concerning CN V, what is the CNS nucleus that can be found in the midbrain?

A

trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

concerning CN V, what are the four CNS nuclei that can be found in the pons?

A
  • trigeminal principal sensory nucleus
  • trigeminal motor nucleus
  • trigeminal spinal nucleus
  • supratrigeminal nucleus (coordinates chewing)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what part of the brainstem has no CNS nuclei for CN V

A

medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

concerning CN V, what is the responsibility of the supratrige minal nucleus and where can you find it?

A
  • coordinate chewing

- just rostral to trigeminal motor nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

concerning CN V, there is an ascending projection from the trigeminal spinal nucleus that is ______ and projects to ______ _____ nucleus of thalamus, that ultimately ends in ____ ____

A
  • CONTRALATERAL
  • vetral posteromedial (VPM)
  • brodmann’s area (3,1,2)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

concerning CN V, there is an ascending projection from the main trigeminal sensory nucleus that is _____ and projects to _____ _____ nucleus of thalamus, that ultimately ends in ______ _____

A
  • BILATERAL
  • ventral posteromedial (VMP)
  • brodmann’s area (3,1,2)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

concerning CN V, the sensory afferents serve what 4 regions?

A
  • face
  • oral cavity
  • teeth
  • meninges
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

concerning CN V, where are the cell bodies for the sensory afferent?

A

trigeminal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

concerning CN V, the sensory afferent fibers terminate in what nucleus?

A

main trigeminal sensory nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

concerning CN V, what senses are accounted for by the main trigeminal sensory nucleus?

A
  • descriptive touch

- vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

CN V sensory nucleus is a homologue of what?

A

posterior column nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

concerning CN V, the main sensory nucleus has both ____ and _____ ascending pathways

A
  • crossed

- uncrossed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

concerning CN V, the main sensory nucleus’ crossed ascending pathway joins the ____ ____ on its way to the _____

A
  • medial lemniscus

- VPL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

concerning CN V, the main sensory nucleus’ uncrossed pathway is called the ____ ____ ____ and deals with the ____ of the mouth represented to _____

A
  • dorsal trigeminal tract
  • inside
  • VPM (ends newer uncrossed taste pathway)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

concerning CN V, what senses are accounted for by the trigeminal spinal nucleus?

A

pain, crude touch, temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

the spinal trigeminal nucleus is divided into what three parts?

A
  • oral nucleus (most rostral)
  • interpolar nucleus (middle)
  • caudal nucleus (most caudal)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

concerning CN V, what part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus receives input from intraoral and perioral structures?

A

pars oralis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

concerning CN V, what part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is concerned with activation of trigemina-autonomic reflexes?

A

pars interpolaris proper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

concerning CN V, what part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is not somatotopically organized and responds to pain stimuli from many areas? it also may be involved in activation of pain suppression mechanisms

A

caudalis-interpolaris transition zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

concerning CN V, part of the spinal trigeminal nucleus that deals with pain, crude touch, and temperature sensation and receives its information from superficial structures (oral cavity, teeth) and deep structures (jaw mm and TMJ)

A

pars caudalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

concerning CN V, in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the afferents descend thru _____ ____ ____ and synapse in the _____ _____

A
  • spinal trigeminal tract

- caudal nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

concerning CN V, in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, second order neurons send axons across the midline, ascend and join the _____ _____ to ultimately terminate in ______

A
  • spinothalamic tract

- VPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

concerning CN V, the pars caudal is receives afferents from what three cranial nerves? all for an area near the _____

A
  • VII, IX, and X

- ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

concerning pars caudalis, the pain-temperature afferents of the mandibular division are in the _____ end

A

dorsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

concerning pars caudalis, the pain-temperature afferents of the ophthalmic division are in the ____ end

A

ventral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

concerning pars caudalis, the fibers representing the center of the face end near the _____

A

obex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

concerning pars caudalis, the fibers representing the back of the face end in ____ ____ _____

A

upper cervical cord

44
Q

the more ____ the spinal trigeminal injury, the larger the area around the mouth that is spared of sensory loss

A

caudal

45
Q

concerning CN V, 70-80% of fibers from the tooth pulp are ______ (fast pain, thermal) and _____ (slow pain, itch, and touch)

A
  • A delta

- C delta

46
Q

concerning CN V, 20-30% of fibers from the tooth pulp are ____ (spindle, touch, and pressure)

[from inferior alveolar nerves, enter root canals and form plexus in pulp, predentin, and dental tubules]

A

A-beta

47
Q

what are the 3 places that fibers from the tooth pulp project to?

A
  • trigeminal main sensory nucleus (heaviest projection, shared)
  • trigeminal spinal nucleus
  • upper cervical spinal cord
48
Q

fibers from the tooth pulp project to all three parts of the trigeminal spinal nucleus. what part is the heaviest projection, modest, and light?

A

pars oralis - heaviest projection
pars interpolaris - modest projection
pars caudalis - upper cervical spinal cord

49
Q

70% of brief episodes of excruciating pain in the distribution of one (can be more) division of the trigeminal nerve occurs where?

A

mandibular division

50
Q

<5% of brief episodes of excruciating pain in the distribution of one (can be more) division of the trigeminal nerve occurs where?

A

ophthalamic division

51
Q

brief episodes of excruciating pain in the distribution of one (can be more) division of the trigeminal nerve

A

trigeminal neuralgia

52
Q

concerning trigeminal neuralgia, there (is/is not) sensory trouble between attacks?

A

is not

53
Q

concerning trigeminal neuralgia, often a _____ stimulus triggers an attack

A

tactile

54
Q

concerning trigeminal neuralgia, a number of cases due to ____ _____ by a vessel, tumor etc

A

trigeminal compression

55
Q

concerning trigeminal neuralgia, are medications helpful? is surgery?

A
  • meds can help

- surgery has been known to be fatal

56
Q

concerning trigeminal neuralgia, what is cut during surgery?

A

trigeminal ganglion

57
Q

concerning trigeminal neuralgia, what is the result of cutting the trigeminal ganglion during surgery

A

loss of all tactile sensation (not just pain) to the area

58
Q

beaches of the ____ ____ artery are most frequently involved in cases of trigeminal neuralgia that is due to vascular cause

A

superior cerebellar

59
Q

nucleus that is concerned with the jaw jerk reflex

A

trigeminal motor nucleus

60
Q

nucleus that is concerned with chewing movements

A

supratrigeminal nucleus

61
Q

the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus of CN V is involved with what three things?

A
  • proprioception
  • muscles of mastication
  • mechanoreceptors in gums, teeth, and the hard palate
62
Q

what are the two nuclei that the mesencephalic nucleus projects to?

A
  • trigeminal motor nucleus

- supratrigeminal nucleus (masticatory generator)

63
Q

concerning proprioception, the mesencephalic nucleus controls the ____ between the mandible and the maxilla

A

distance

64
Q

concerning CN V, all of the nuclei involved all are heavily myelinated except _____

A

spinal nucleus (lightly myelinated)

65
Q

the cell bodies of the trigeminal motor nucleus will terminate in the ____ ___ _____

A

mm of mastication

66
Q

the supratrigeminal nucleus of a pattern generator for ____ _____

A

masticatory rhythm

67
Q

the trigeminal motor nucleus innervates what 3 things?

A
  • mm of mastication
  • tensor tympani
  • tensor palati
68
Q

the trigeminal motor nucleus is the efferent limb of the ____ ____ ____

A

jaw jerk reflex

69
Q

the jaw-jerk reflex is a ______ reflex that involves a downward tap on the chin which stretches the _____

A
  • monosynaptic

- masseter

70
Q

what is the afferent limb of the jaw-jerk reflex?

A

mesencephalic V neuron

71
Q

what is the efferent limb of the jaw-jerk reflex?

A

V motor nucleus

72
Q

like other reflexes, the jaw-jerk reflex is enhanced with ____ ____ ____ damage, and uses that to determine the level of injury

A

upper motor neuron damage

73
Q

the ____ branches of the mesencephalic neurons innervate masseter muscle spindles and other mechanoreceptors

A

peripheral

74
Q

the CNS origin for both the visceral and somatic fiber types of CN VII is the ____ _____

A

geniculate ganglion

75
Q

concerning CN VII, the sensation of taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, and parts of the nasal cavity and soft palate is considered ____ sensation

A

visceral

76
Q

The CNS origin for the brachial motor division of CN VII that is concerned with muscles of mastication and stapedius, is the _____ ______ _____

A

facial motor nucleus

77
Q

what are the 6 responsibilities of CN VII

A
  • close eye/lip
  • modulate sound volume (stapedius m)
  • taste of anterior 2/3 tongue
  • general sensation (palatine tonsil & posterior nasal cavity)
  • salivation
  • lacrimation (lubricate cornea)
78
Q

the somatic sensory fibers of CN VII, enter the ____ ____ _____ dorsomedially situated and act exactly as ____ ____

A
  • spinal trigeminal tract

- trigeminal afferents

79
Q

the motor neurons to the lower facial mm are mainly innervated by the _____ _____ but upper facial mm are innervated _____

A
  • contralateral cortex

- bilaterally

80
Q

unilateral damage to corticobulbar pathway (ie in cerebral peduncle) results in the inability to _____ or bare _____ ______, but still have the ability to ____ ____

A
  • smile
  • teeth symmetrically
  • wrinkle forehead
81
Q

type of UNILATERAL facial paralysis due to the dysfunction of CN VII that is the MOST COMMON cause of acute facial nerve paralysis

A

Bell’s palsy

82
Q

Bell’s palsy is believed to be an ____ condition resulting in facial nerve _____ in the ___ _____

A
  • inflammatory
  • swelling
  • facial canal
83
Q

bell’s palsy commonly shows ____ onset with partial or complete paralysis

A

rapid (can occur overnight)

84
Q

concerning bell’s palsy, _____ can improve outcome and the function can be restored

A

steroids

85
Q

_____ is a term used for bell’s palsy patients being very sensitive to sounds

A

hyperacusis

86
Q

during bell’s palsy, the patient experiences reduced _____ and ____

A
  • lacrimation

- salivaiton

87
Q

what is the main way that bell’s palsy is different from a corticobulbar lesion?

A

bc bell’s palsy causes a paresis of facial mm ABOVE AND BELOW the eye

88
Q

bell’s palsy cause irritation of the _____

A

cornea

89
Q

during bell’s palsy, the eye on the affected side cannot be _____, resulting in permanent corneal damage

A

closed

90
Q

reflex test that involves touching a cornea to see if both eyes blink

A

corneal blink reflex

91
Q

why is the corneal blink test so important?

A

bc it can test both CN’s V and VII

afferent limb is V (sensory)
efferent limb is VII (closes the eye)

92
Q

where is the first synapse in the blink to light reflex

A

superior colliculus

93
Q

where is the 2nd synapse in the blink to light reflex

A

facial nucleus (closes the eye)

94
Q

where is the first synapse in the blink to noise reflex?

A

inferior colliculus

95
Q

where is the second synapse in the blink to noise reflex?

A

facial nucleus (closes the eye)

96
Q

where is the first synapse in the sound attenuation reflex?

A

superior olivary nucleus (pons)

97
Q

where is the second synapse in the sound attenuation reflex

A

facial nucleus

98
Q

during taste, ___ receptors respond to ____ ____

A
  • olfactory

- food vapors

99
Q

number of taste buds in ppl is highly _____

A

variable

100
Q

the nervus intermedius gives rise to ____ ____ nerve and ____ ____

A
  • greater petrosal

- chorda tympani

101
Q

regarding taste pathways in the CNS, the gustatory afferents reach nucleus of the solitary tract via the ____ ____

A

solitary tract

102
Q

what two things do the second order fibers do regarding taste pathways?

A
  • reflex activities (swallowing, salivation)

- project UNCROSSED to thalamus, then to gustatory cortex

103
Q

regarding taste pathways, the gustatory cortex projects to _______ cortex, integrated there with _____ information, then reaches the ______, from there to _____ system and _____

A
  • orbitofrontal cortex
  • olfactory
  • amygdala
  • limbic system
  • hypothalamus
104
Q

nucleus of the solitary tract surrounds the ______

A

solitary tract (this is right)

105
Q

the nucleus of the ____ ___ is the principal visceral sensory nucleus of the brainstem

A

solitary tract

Anatomy (S2)(Unit 1) (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions