Neurodevelopmental Disorders-Communication Disorders

Question 1

Language Disorder

Answer 1

A:Persistent difficulties in the acquisition and use of language across modalities due to comprehension or production
1. Reduced vocabulary
2. limited sentence structure
3.Impairments in discourse-ability to use vocabulary and connect sentences
B. Language abilities are substantially below those expected for age
C. Onset of sx is in the early developmental period
D. Difficulties aren’t due to attributable to hearing or other sensory impairments, motor dysfunction, on another medical or neurological condition, or intellectual disabilities

Question 2

Speech Sound Disorder

Answer 2

A: Persistent difficulty w/ speech sound production that interferes w/ intelligibility or prevents verbal communication
B: disturbances causes limitations in effective communication that interfere w/ verbal communication, academic achievement and occupational performance
C: onset of sx in early developmental period
D: difficulties aren’t due to congenital or acquired condition

Question 3

Child-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)

Answer 3

A: Disturbances in fluency & time patterning of speech inappropriate for age & language skills, persist over time and characterized by frequent, marked occurrences of one of more the following:
1. sound & syllable repetitions
2. Sound prolongations
3. Broken words (pauses within a word)
4. Audible or silent blocking (filled or unfilled pauses in speech)
5.Circumlocutions (word substitutions to avoid problematic words)
6. Words produced w/ excess physical tension
7.Monosyllabic whole word repetition (I-I-I)
B: Causes anxiety about speaking or limitations in effective communication, social participation or academic/occupational performance
C: onset of sx is in early developmental period
D: Disturbances not due to speech motor or sensory deficit or other physical or mental disorders

Question 4

Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder

Answer 4

A: Persistent difficulties in the social use of verbal & nonverbal communication as manifested by the following:
1.Deficits in using communication for social purposes
2. Impairment of the ability to change communication to match context or the needs of the listener
3. Difficulty following the rules for conversation and story telling (taking turns in the conversation)
4.Difficulty understanding what isn’t explicitly states, nonliteral or ambiguous meanings of language (humor, metaphors, multiple meanings)

Question 5

Unspecified Communication Disorder

Answer 5

Symptoms characteristic of communication disorder that causes clinically significant distress or impairment but don’t meet the full criteria