Neuroanatomy Basal Ganglia Flashcards
The basal ganglia is also known as what?
the “extrapyramidal system”
How many significant nuclei are found in the basal ganglia?
4
What is the input to the basal ganglia?
cerebral cortex
where does the output from the basal ganglia go?
the brainstem and the cerebral cortex via the thalamus
What kind of movement does the pyramidal system control?
voluntary movement
All “non-voluntary” movement comes from what?
the “extra”pyramidal system aka the basal ganglia
What is hypokinesia? Hyperkinesia?
reduced movement / increased movement
What is the non-movement-related function of the basal ganglia (extrapyramidal system)?
procedural memory
What globus pallidus lies medial to what?
the putamen
What are the two segments of the globus pallidus?
external and internal
The subthalamic nucleus lies below the thalamus and _____ to the internal capsule
adjacent
What are the two parts to the substantia nigra?
1) pars compacta 2) pars reticulata
The substantia nigra is found in the _____ above the what?
midbrain above the CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE
In the dorsal division of the striatum, the striatum includes what 2 things? Remember that the other part of the dorsal division is the globus pallidus
1) caudate nucleus
2) putamen
In the ventral division of the striatum, what 3 things make it up?
1) nucleus accumbens
2) olfactory tubercle
3) substantia innominata
