Embryology Urinary System Flashcards
What type of tissue does the urinary system develop from?
intermediate mesoderm
Is the intermediate mesoderm of the urinary system retroperitoneal or not?
yes it is
what are the two portions of the urogenital ridge?
1) nephrogenic cord (urinary system, more lateral)
2) gonadal ridge (genital structures, more medial)
What are the three stages of kidney development?
1) pronephros (early in week 4)
2) mesonephros (weeks 4-10)
3) metanephros (development into definitive kidney functional at week 10)
Do the kidneys descend or ascend during development?
ascend
In pronephros, the kidney is a solid rod of _____ connected to epithelial-lined buds
intermediate mesoderm
Is the pronephros functional or nonfunctional?
nonfunctional
What region of the body does the mesonephros develop?
thoracolumbar region
label:
does the mesonephric kidney function?
yes, primitively
what is the small outgrowth of the mesonephros called?
the uteteric bud
What are the two components of the metanephros?
1) ureteric bud
2) metanephrogenic blastema (from mesenchyme of nephrogenic cord)
What does the uteric bud give rise to?
the collecting portion of the kidney
What 5 structures make up the collecting portion of the kidney?
1) ureter
2) renal pelvis
3) major calyx
4) minor calyx
5) collecting tubules
The blastema gives rise to the _____ portion of the kidney
exctretory
What are the 4 components of the excretory portion of the kidney?
1) distal convoluted tubule
2) loop of henle
3) proximal convoluted tubule
4) bowman’s capsule
communication between _____ and _____ is required for kidney development
uteric bud and blastema
Is the kidney lobulated or smooth in newborns?
lobulated
What is the original blood supply to the kidneys before ascent?
common iliac artery
____% of adults have 2 to 4 renal arteries due to a failure of temporary blood supply during development
25%
The _____ divides the cloaca into the urogenital sinus and the anorectal canal
urorectal septum
What are the 4 urogenital sinus derivitives?
1) urinary bladder
2) urethra
3) prostate & bulbourethral glands (male)
4) vestibule of vagina and vestibular glands (female)
In the adult, the mucosal fold overlying the obliterated urachus is the what?
median umbilical fold
What are the three main urachal abnormalities?
1) cyst
2) sinus
3) fistula
Trigone (develops from the distal portions of the mesonephric ducts as they are incorporated into the posterior wall of the urinary bladder)
Failure of the anterior abdominal wall to close results in what urinary condition?
urinary bladder exstrophy
Failure of one or both kidneys to form can lead to what two things?
1) oligohydraminos (too little amniotic fluid)
2) potter syndrome (dry, wrinkly skin, limb deformities, abnormal facial structure)
Can kidneys be ectopic?
yeaaapppppppppp
