neuro6

Question 1

pain and temperature nerves

Answer 1

pain is Adelta and temp is C fibers; both are thinly myelinated and unmyelinated slowly conducting fibers

Question 2

A delta and C fibers

Answer 2

synapse in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord; from there, second order neurons cross and travel contralaterally in the spinothalamic tract

Question 3

spinothalamic tract AKA

Answer 3

anterolateral system

Question 4

proprioception, vibration, and light touch

Answer 4

A-alpha and A beta fibers; heavily myelinated

Question 5

how do A alpha and A beta fibers run

Answer 5

ipsilaterally in the dorsal column system, reaching the second order neuron at the level of the medulla in the nuclei gracilis and cuneatus

Question 6

where do the axons in the A alpha and A beta fibers cross

Answer 6

in the lower medulla, to form the medial lemniscus

Question 7

arrangement of fibers in the spinothalamic tract

Answer 7

at the level of the SC, sacral segments are located laterally and the cervical segments medially

Question 8

somatopic arrangemtn of the dorsal columns

Answer 8

most medial fibers are sacral and the most lateral are cervical; at the level of the medial lemniscus, the upper body fibers become medial and those of the lower body lateral

Question 9

where do the STT and the trigeminal tracts terminate

Answer 9

the thalmus, with further cortical projections through the third order neurons to the postcentral cortex in a somatropic arrangement similar to that seen in motor ctx

Question 10

where in the thalamus does the STT terminate

Answer 10

ventroposterolateral (VPL)

Question 11

where in the thalamus does the trigeminal tract (facial sensation) terminate

Answer 11

VPM

Question 12

two parts of the dorsal column

Answer 12

fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus

Question 13

Dermatome map anterior

Answer 13

right below the chin is C2, then C3 is also the neck; level of scapula is C4; nipples T4; belly button T11; genitals S2, S3; L2 is inguinal crease;

Question 14

dermatome map anterior along the leg

Answer 14

L2 is pretty much the whole front of the leg until you get to th eexterior shins and this is L5 to the feet; S1 is the pinky toes

Question 15

dermatome map posterior

Answer 15

C2 is back of the head; C5 is nape of the neck; S3 is around the anus; the S1 and S2 go around the back of the leg; L4 is interior back of the lower leg; L5 is the sole of the foot

Question 16

trigeminal nerve dermatome areas

Answer 16

V1 is down to the point of the nose; V2 is from nose to top of the lip; V3 is below that to the chin; and then C2 starts top of neck

Question 17

how to test vibration sense

Answer 17

128 hz tuning fork

Question 18

paresthesias

Answer 18

tingling, prickling, pins and needles

Question 19

dyasthesias

Answer 19

unpleasan sensations triggered by painless stimuli

Question 20

hyperesthesia

Answer 20

increaed sensitivity to sensory stimuli

Question 21

allodynia

Answer 21

pain provoked by innocuous stimuli

Question 22

dissociated sensory loss

Answer 22

dysfunction of a single sensory tract (either posterior columns or STTs), where the loss of proprioception and fine touch is not associated with loss of pain and temp or vice versa

Question 23

when do we see dissociated sensory loss

Answer 23

central cord syndromes would have STT loss but preservation of posterior columns

Question 24

go back to table 6-1 when I know more

Answer 24

right

Question 25

different types of proprioception and what carries them

Answer 25

conscious propriocetion is dorsal columns; nonconscious proprioception is conveyed by the spinocerebellar tracts

Question 26

anterior spinal artery stroke

Answer 26

loss of pain and temp sensation, with preserved proprioception; same as syringomyelia

Question 27

subacute combined degeneration

Answer 27

loss of proprioception but preserved pain and temp sensation