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Neuro > neuro15 > Flashcards

neuro15 Flashcards

1
Q

types of partial seizures

A

complex (awareness is impaired); simple means awareness is preserved

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2
Q

Jacksonian march

A

electrical discharge spreads along the motor strip

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3
Q

simple partial seizure in the parietal lobe

A

sensory phenomena

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4
Q

simple partial seizure in the occipital region

A

visual phenomena

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5
Q

simple partial seizure in the temporal lobe

A

gustatory, olfactory, and psychic phenomena

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6
Q

complex partial seizures

A

commonly arise from temporal lobe, although some originate in frontal

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7
Q

generalized tonic-clonic seizures

A

begin with tonic phase for a few seconds in which body gets stiff; next the clonic phase,in which extremities jerk rhythmically

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8
Q

absence seizure

A

generalized seizure tha tmost commonly occures in kids and s characterized by unresponsive staring

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9
Q

classic EEG for absence seizures

A

3 hz generalized splke and wave; hyperventilation is a common trigger

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10
Q

Lennox-gastaut syndrome

A

onset in childhood; seizures and intellectual disability; slow (1-2 per sec) spike and wave discharge; tx with valproic acid, lamotrigine, felbamate, rufinamide

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11
Q

benign rolandic epilepsy

A

childhood onset; simple partial involving face and mouth; nocturnal preponderence of seizures; centrotemporal spikes on EEG; tx with carbamazepine, sometimes nothing

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12
Q

absence epilepsy treat with what

A

ethosuximide, valproic acid

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13
Q

juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

A

onset in adolescence; early morning preponderance of seizures; 4 to 6 per sec polyspike and wave; tx with valproic acid, lamotrigine, levetiracetam

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14
Q

Todd’s paralysis

A

post-ictal hemiparesis; indicates that the seizure was of partial onset that may have later generalized

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15
Q

phenytoin (dilantin)

A

sodium channel blocker; used for partial seizures; side effects are gingival hyperplasia, coarsening of facial features, ataxia

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16
Q

carabmazepine (Tegretol)

A

works on the sodium channel; used for partial seizures; side effects are hyponatremia, agranulocytosis, diplopia

17
Q

valproic acid (Depakote)

A

works on the sodium channel and GABA receptor; for partial and gen seizures; side effects are GI sx, tremor, weight gain, hair loss, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia

18
Q

Phenobarbitol

A

works on GABA receptor; for partial and general seizures; side effect is sedation

19
Q

ethosuximide (Zarontin)

A

works on T type calcium channel; used for absence seizure; GI sx are side effects

20
Q

Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

unknown site of action, maybe voltage gated Ca channel; used for partial seizures; side effects are sedation and ataxia

21
Q

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

A

sodium channel and glutamate receptor; partial and generalized seizures; side effects are rash and stevens johnson syndrome

22
Q

topiramate (topamax)

A

sodium channel, GABA activity; partial and generalized seizures; side effects are word finding difficulty, renal stones, weightloss

23
Q

Tiagabine (Gabitril)

A

works on GABA reuptake; partial seizures; side effects sedation

24
Q

Levetiracetam (Keppra)

A

unknown site of action; used for partial and generalized seizures; side effects are insomnia, anxiety, irritability

25
Q

Oxcarbazepine (trilepal)

A

sodium channel; for partial seizures; side effects are sedation and hyponatremia

26
Q

Zonisamide (Zonegan)

A

unknown site of action; partial and generalized seizures; side effects are sedation, renal stones, weightloss

27
Q

drugs for partial seizures

A

phenytoin, carbamazepine, gabapentin, tiagabine, oxcarbazepine

28
Q

drugs for generalized seizures only

A

none

29
Q

drugs for both partial and generalized seizures

A

valproic acid; phenobarbitol; lamotrigine; topiramate; levetiracetam; zonisamide

30
Q

seizure drugs that work on the sodium channel

A

phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid, lamotrigine, topiramate, oxcarbazepine

31
Q

seizure drugs that work on the GABA receptor

A

valproic acid, phenobarbitol, topiramate, tiagabine

32
Q

stimulation of what nerve can help treat seizures

A

vagus nerve;

33
Q

surgical removal of part of the brain is most effective for seizures where

A

medial temporal lobe

34
Q

when a person is seizing, what’s the first drug you give?

A

Lorazepam IV, followed by phenytoin IV if the status epilepticus continues

Neuro (43 decks)

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