Neuro/Psych 6

Question 1

Coenzymes required for branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase

Answer 1

• Thiamine pyrophosphate
• Lipoate
• Coenzyme A
• FAD
• NAD

Tender Loving Care For Nancy

… and her Maple syrup!

Question 2

Maple syrup urine disease

Answer 2

• Defective breakdown of branched AAs (isoleucine, leucine, valine)
• Neurotoxicity

Question 3

Treatment for MSUD

Answer 3

Dietary restriction of branched AAs

Also - sometimes high-dose thiamine treatment

Question 4

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia w/ macular sparing

Answer 4

Occlusion of PCA

Usually h/o AFib

Question 5

Cerebellar vermis

Answer 5

• Modulates axial/truncal posture/coordination

- Via medial descending motor systems

Question 6

Acute lesions to the cerebellar vermis

Answer 6

• Truncal/gait ataxia

- Involvement of lower vermis and flocculonodular lobe also causes vertigo/nystagmus

Question 7

Toxoplasmic encephalitis

Answer 7

• Associated w/HIV (lymphadenopathy, oral thrush)
• Seizures
• Multiple ring-enhancing CNS lesions

Extensive cat exposure is not essential for dx b/c it can be transmitted via contaminated foods

Question 8

What’s another name for nitric oxide (NO)?

Answer 8

Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)

Question 9

Pathway of NO/EDRF

Answer 9

• Activates guanylate cyclase
• then ^es intracellular cGMP
• cGMP activates a Ca pump => Ca efflux from cells => decrease in [Ca] => vascular wall SM relaxation

Question 10

Which nerve runs along the orbital floor?

Answer 10

Infraorbital nerve

Question 11

Damage to the infraorbital nerve causes what?

Answer 11

Paresthesia of the upper cheek, upper lip, and upper gingiva

Inferior rectus m. can be entrapped => limits superior gaze