Neuro - Module 4

Question 1

4 basic functions of cerebellum

Answer 1

1. Maintain balance and posture
2. Coordinated voluntary movements
3. Motor learning
4. Cognitive functions

Question 2

Three sensory input used to maintain equilibrium

Answer 2

1. Proprioceptive system
2. Visual system
3. Vestibular system

Question 3

Usually are lesions of the cerebellum ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral?

Answer 3

Ipsilateral and bilateral

Question 4

Cerebellar lesions result in: (general)

Answer 4

1. DO impair motor activity (equilibrium, balance, coordination, tone)
2. DO NOT result in motor paralysis
3. DO NOT impair ability to consciously detect sensory input (vision, auditory, ect.)

Question 5

Specific cerebellar lesion results (functional impairments)

Answer 5

Hypotonia, disequilibrium, dyssynergia

Question 6

What separates the cerebellum from the telencephalon (cerebral cortex)?

Answer 6

Tentorium

Question 7

What are the R and L hemispheres of cerebellar cortex divided by?

Answer 7

Vermis w/ flocculonodular lobe along inferior surface

Question 8

What are the 3 cerebellar peduncles that connect cerebellum to brainstem

Answer 8

Superior
Middle
Inferior

Question 9

3 areas of the subcortical (deep) region of cerebellum

Answer 9

Dentate nucleus
Interposed (globose nucleus and emboliform nucleus)
Fastigial nucleus

Question 10

Describe the “schematic” of the cerebellum

Answer 10

Cerebellar inputs –> cerebellar cortex –> deep nuclei –> cerebellar outputs

Question 11

Longitudinal subdivision of the cerebellum

Answer 11

1. Vermis
2. Paravermis (intermediate)
3. Lateral hemispheres

Question 12

Phylogenic subdivision of the cerebellum

Answer 12

1. Vestibulocerebellum (archicerebellum)
2. Spinocerebellum (paleocerebellum)
3. Pontocerebellum or cerebrocerebellum (neocerebellum)

Question 13

Function of the vermis

Answer 13

Coordination/postural control of axial/proximal limb movement and postural adjustments to eye movement

Question 14

Function of paravermis

Answer 14

“feedback” mechanism of planned/active movement

“fine tuning” : integrates sensory input w/ current motor activity to produce an adaptive motor response

Question 15

Function of lateral zone

Answer 15

learned skilled movement

• • coordination of skilled movement, planning movement, learning motor skills
• -cognitive learning
• -emotional learning

Question 16

Superior peduncle connects _____ to ____

Answer 16

Cerebellum to midbrain

Question 17

Middle peduncle connects _____ to _____

Answer 17

Cerebellum to pons

Question 18

Inferior peduncle connects ____ to ____

Answer 18

cerebellum to medulla

Question 19

Does the superior peduncle contain afferent input?

Answer 19

NO!!

Question 20

Does the middle peduncle contain afferent input?

Answer 20

Yes, it does NOT contain EFFERENT input

Question 21

Two regions of inferior cerebellar peduncle

Answer 21

1. Restiform body

2. Juxtarestiform body