NEURO - Glaucoma Flashcards
Accommodation receptor and muscle
M3 - ciliary
Miosis receptor and muscle
M3 - sphincter pupillae
Mydriasis receptor and muscle
a1 - Radial muscle (dilator pupillae)
Increase aqueous humour production receptor
b2
Decrease aqueous humour production receptor
a2
alpha agonists for glaucoma
Epinepherine (a1)
Brimonidine (a2)
Epinephrine MOA
a1 vasoconstriction causing decreased aqueous humour production
Epinephrine AE
Mydriasis (a1), so CANNOT use for closed-angle glaucoma
Brimonidine MOA
a2 agonist decreasing aqueous humour production
Brimonidine AE
a2 agonist (decrease sympathetics), so causes: blurry vision ocular hyperemia Foreign-body sensation ocular allergic reactions ocular pruritus
beta-blockers for glaucoma
timidol
betaxolol
carteolol
b-blockers in glaucoma MOA
decease aqueous humour production
*No pupillary/vision changes because that is via M3 and a1
Diuretics in glaucoma
Acetazolamide
acetazolamide MOA
inhibit CA, which decreases aqueous humour production
*No pupillary/vision changes because that is via M3 and a1
Cholinomimetics in glaucoma
Direct: pilocarpine, carbachol
Indirect: physostigmine, chothiophate
Direct cholinomimetic MOA
pilocarpine, carbachol
Contract ciliary muscles (M3) to open trabecular meshwork and increase aqueous humour outflow
Cholinomimetics in glaucoma AE
Miosis (another action via M3, but via sphincter pupillae)
Cyclospasm (via ciliary contraction)
Indirect cholinomimetic MOA
Physostigmine, echothiophate
Physostigmine for emergencies - very effective opener of canal os schlemm
Prostaglandins in glaucoma
Latanoprost (PGF-2a)
Latanoprost MOA
PGF-2a, increases outflow of aqueous humour
Latanoprost AE
Darkening (browning) of iris
used off-label for eyelash growth
Glaucoma treatment contraindicated in closed-angle glaucoma
epinepherine (because of mydriasis)
glaucoma rx causing iris browning
latanoprost
glaucoma rx that won’t affect vision/accomadation
beta-blockers or acetazolamide
