MICRO - random

Question 1

Sulfonamides: name them

Answer 1

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfisoxazole, sulfadiazine

Question 2

Sulfonamides MOA

Answer 2

PABA analog, so competitively inhibit dihydropteroate synthase

Question 3

Sulfonamides use

Answer 3

simple UTI
nocardia
chalmydia
gram +
gram -

Question 4

Sulfonamides toxicity

Answer 4

sulfa allergies
hemolysis in G6PD
HST
nephrotoxicity (TIN)
photosensitivity
kernicterus (displace things from albumin)

Question 5

Sulfonamides resistance

Answer 5

increase PABa synthesis
alter enzyme
decrease uptake

Question 6

Trimethoprim MOA

Answer 6

inhibits DHF reductase

Question 7

Trimethoprim toxicity

Answer 7

Megaloblastic anemia
leukopenia
granulocytopenia

Question 8

TMP-SMX uses

Answer 8

UTI
salmonella
shigella
PCP (rx and prophylaxis)
toxo prophylaxis

Question 9

Fluoroquinolones: name

Answer 9

____floxacin + enoxacin

Question 10

Fluoroquinolones MOA:

Answer 10

block topo II and topo IV

Question 11

Fluoroquinolones use

Answer 11

UT and GI gram -s
nisseria
some +

Question 12

Fluoroquinolones toxicity

Answer 12

• Tendon rupture (increase if >60 or on prednisone)
• myalgia/cramps
• damage cartilage (don’t give to pregnant or under 18
• prolong QT

Question 13

Fluoroquinolones resistance

Answer 13

CHROMOSOME AND PLASMID-encoded DNA gyrase mutations

efflux pumps

Question 14

Daptomycin MOA

Answer 14

Lipid tail dick into plasma membrane disrupting it, gram + only (access)

Question 15

Daptomycin use

Answer 15

MRSA
VRE
endocarditis
bacteremia

Question 16

Daptomycin NOT useful for and why

Answer 16

pneumonia via surfactant inactivation

Question 17

Daptomycin toxicity

Answer 17

myopathy and rhabdo

Question 18

Metronidazole MOA

Answer 18

Free radicals causing DNA damage

Question 19

Metronidazole use

Answer 19

GET GAP: giardia, entameba, trichomonas, gardnerella, ANaerobes, h. pylori
Anaerobes BELOW the diaphragm

Question 20

Metronidazole toxicity

Answer 20

disulfaram

metallic taste