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DRUGS > Anti-cancer > Flashcards

Anti-cancer Flashcards

1
Q

6-MP activation

A

HGPRT

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2
Q

6-MP breakdown

A

XO

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3
Q

6-MP toxicity

A

myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity (hepatitis and cholestasis)

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4
Q

Increase 6-MP toxicity via:

A

alloputinol or febuxostat (block XO)

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5
Q

6-MP MOA

A

Purine analog

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6
Q

Cladiribine MOA

A

purine analog

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7
Q

Rx of Hairy cell

A

Cladribine

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8
Q

Cladribine toxicity

A

myelo, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity

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9
Q

Cytarabine MOA

A

pyrimidine analog

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10
Q

Cytarabine AE

A

panCYTopenia (leuko, thrombo, megaloblastic anemia)

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11
Q

5-FU MOA

A

pyrimidine analog; inhibits thymidilate synthase

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12
Q

Purine analogs

A

6-MP, azathioprine, cladribine

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13
Q

pyrimidine analogs

A

cytarabine, 5-FU

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14
Q

Leucovorin: when it works and doesn’t work

A

works for MTX; does NOT work for 5-FU (actually potentiates it)

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15
Q

MTX MOA

A

folic acid analog; competitively inhibits DHF reductase

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16
Q

MTX Rx

A

cancers: leukemiaa (ALL), lymphomas, chorioCA, sarcomas.

Non-neoplastic: ectopic pregnancy (medical abortion), RA, psoriasis, IBD, vasculitis.

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17
Q

MTX AE

A

myelo (rx = leucovorin), hepatoxoicity, mucocytis, pulmonary fibrosis

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18
Q

hydroxyurea MOA

A

inhibits ribonucleotide reductase

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19
Q

S-phase drugs

A

6-MP, 6-TG, azathioprine, cladribine, cytarabine, 5-FU, MTX, hydroxyurea

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20
Q

Anti-tumour ABx

A

Bleomycin, dactinomycin, doxorubicin, danaurubucin

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21
Q

Bleomycin MOA

A

Free-radical -> DNA strand breaks

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22
Q

Bleomycin AE

A

Pulmonary fibrosis, skin hyper pigmentation, mucocytis, *MINIMAL myelosuppresion

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23
Q

Doxo/daunorubicin MOA

A

Intercalates into DNA -> breaks + free radicals

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24
Q

doxo/daunorubicin AE

A

dilated cardiomyopathy, alopecia

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25
Q

doxo/daunorubicin AE Rx

A

Dexrazoxane

26
Q

Dactinomycin MOA

A

intercalates

27
Q

Dactinomycin use

A

Child tumours (wilms, ewing, rhabdomyosarcoma)

28
Q

akylating agents act on what stage of cell cycle?

A

G1

29
Q

Name all alkylating agents

A

Busulfan, cycloforfamide, isofosfamide, nitrosureas (___mustanes + streptozocin)

30
Q

Busulfan MOA

A

cross-links

31
Q

busulfan AE

A

pulmonary fibrosis , hyperpigmentation

32
Q

busulfan use

A

CML and ablating pt bone marrow before transplant

33
Q

cyclophosphamide/isoforphamide MOA

A

cross-links @ G-N7

34
Q

cyclophosphamide/isophosphamide AE + Rx

A

hemorrhagic cystitis; prevent/rx with mesna

35
Q

nitrosureas (___mustines + streptozocin MOA/use

A

Bioactivated, cross BBB, crosslink DNA. BBB .: rx brain tumours (i.e. GBM)

36
Q

nitrosureas (___mustines + streptozocin AE

A

CNS effects (confusion, dizzy, ataxia)

37
Q

paclitaxel MOA

A

hyperstabilize polymerized MTs .: prevent anaphase

38
Q

paclitaxel AE

A

myelo, alopecia, hypersensitivity

39
Q

vincristine/vinblastin MOA

A

inhibit b-tubulin polymerization

40
Q

vincristine AE

A

neurotoxicity (areflexia, peripheral neuritis, paralytic ileus)

41
Q

vinblatine AE

A

myelosuppression

42
Q

cisplatin/carboplatin MOA

A

crosslink DNA

43
Q

Cisplatin/carboplatin AE and Rx

A

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity (prevent with amifortine (free radical scavenger) and chloride saline diuresis

44
Q

etoposide/teniposide MOA

A

inhibit topo II –> DNA degradation

45
Q

irinotecan/topotecan

A

inhibit topo I (prevent unwinding and replication)

46
Q

Bevacizumab MOA and AE

A

MOA = VEGF; AE = bleed, clot, impaired wound healing

47
Q

Erlotinib

A

MOA = EGFR

48
Q

Imatinib MOA

A

tyrosine kinase of Bcr-Abl and c-kit

49
Q

imatinib AE

A

fluid retention

50
Q

Rituximab MOA

A

CD20 (so all non-hodgkin lymphomas)

51
Q

Rituximab AE

A

PML

52
Q

Tamoxifen MOA

A

Antagonist: breast
Agonist: endometrium, bone

53
Q

Tamoxifen use:

A

breast cancer prophylaxis AND treatment

54
Q

Raloxifen MOA

A

Antagonist: breast and endometrium
Agonist: bone

55
Q

Raloxifen use:

A

breast cancer prophylaxis ONLY, OP prevention

56
Q

Traztuzumab MOA/use

A

HER-2-nu (c-erb-B2) antibody.

Her-2-nu breast cancer and gastric cancer

57
Q

HER-2-nu mechanism

A

tyrosine kinase receptor

58
Q

Traztuzumab AE

A

Cardiotoxicity

59
Q

Vemurafenib MOA

A

small molecule inhibitor of BRAF

60
Q

Vemurafenib use

A

Malignant melanoma

DRUGS (41 decks)

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