Neuro Flashcards
Primitive Reflexes
Palmar grasp Plantar grasp Moro (startle) Rooting Sucking Babinski Crawling Stepping Tonic Neck
PALMAR Grasp Reflex disappears at ____
4-6 months
Describe expected reaction with palmar grasp reflex
place finger into infant’s palm or stroke inside
hand closes around finger
Describe expected reaction with plantar grasp reflex
place finger at base of toes
toes curl like they are grasping the finger
PLANTAR Grasp Reflex disappears at ____
9-12 months
Describe expected reaction with Moro reflex
infant hears sudden loud noise
OR
unexpected movement (e.g. lower infant downward with head lower than body)
infant will throw out/extend arms with palms upward and backward
infant may cry
MORO reflex disappears at ____
6 months
How to elicit ROOTING reflex
stroke side of infant’s mouth
mouth will OPEN and MOVE TOWARD side stroked
ROOTING reflex disappears at ____
4 months
How to elicit SUCKING reflex
seen when something touches hard palate
infant starts sucking
INVOLUNTARY
becomes voluntary later on
SUCKING reflex disappears at ____
4 months
becomes voluntary function
How to elicit BABINSKI reflex
scrape fingernail on bottom of foot; great toe will pull back and other toes will fan out
BABINSKI reflex disappears at ____
1 year
how to elicit CRAWLING reflex
place on stomach; apply pressure to sole of foot
infant should attempt to press against the pressure, and motion arms and legs as if crawling
CRAWLING reflex disappears at ____
a few weeks to months after birth
how to elicit STEP reflex
hold infant upright with feet touching surface
infant will move legs as if stepping or walking
STEP reflex disappears at ____
3-4 months
how to elicit the TONIC NECK REFLEX (aka FENCING REFLEX)
turn the infant’s head to the side
the limbs on that side will extend; and the limbs on the opposite side will flex
TONIC NECK REFLEX disappears at ____
4 months
plagiocephaly
flattening of the head
increased due to back to sleep campaign to prevent SIDS
craniosynostosis
sagittal suture line (most common) prematurely closes
presses skull contents to front and back –> frontal bossing
neurosurgery needed to crack open suture lines
