Genitourinary

Question 1

3 layers of kidney

Answer 1

1. medulla
2. cortex
3. renal sinus and pelvis

Question 2

functional unit of kidney

Answer 2

nephron

Question 3

outermost portion of kidney

Answer 3

cortex

Question 4

cortex contains…

Answer 4

glomeruli,
proximal & distal convoluted tubules
collecting ducts of nephron

Question 5

medulla contains…

Answer 5

renal pyramids
straight portions of tubules
loops of Henle
vasa recta
terminal collecting ducts

Question 6

nephrons are located…

Answer 6

in the renal cortex and medulla

Question 7

functions of nephron

Answer 7

1. maintaining homeostasis (regulation of electrolytes, regulation of fluid balance, regulation of osmolality)
2. regulation of acid-base balance (reabsorption of bicarbonate, secretion of hydrogen ions)
3. regulation of BP (RAAS)
4. secretion of hormones (erythropoietin which stimulates RBC production, vitamin D, which regulates calcium and phosphorus)
5. excretion of excess water and nitrogenous waste (e.g. urea, uric acid, creatinine)