Gastrointestinal

Question 1

insulin production begins at __ weeks gestation

Answer 1

20 weeks

Question 2

the development of the GI system is complete at __ - __ weeks gestation

Answer 2

36-38 weeks

Question 3

neonates have an increased incidence of gastroesophageal reflux due to …

Answer 3

lower esophageal sphincter tone

Question 4

neonate stomach capacity

Answer 4

approximately 60mL

Question 5

toddler stomach capacity

Answer 5

approximately 500mL

Question 6

omphalocele

Answer 6

congenital abnormality; membranous sac covering abdominal organs

Question 7

gastroschisis

Answer 7

congenital abnormality; abdominal contents NOT covered by membranous sac

Question 8

infants have a ____ abdomen, so a distended or scaphoid abdomen indicates ______

Answer 8

cylindrical

pathology

Question 9

in children, the abdomen is larger than the chest until age ___

Answer 9

4

Question 10

physiologic jaundice is common in babies because…

Answer 10

liver conjugation reactions are impaired

Question 11

in their 1st year, children are prone to hypoglycemia because…

Answer 11

the liver synthesizes and stores glycogen less effectively than it does in older children

Question 12

until what age do infants experience prolonged gastric emptying and transit time through the small intestines?

Answer 12

6-8 months

Question 13

prolonged gastric emptying and transit time through the small intestines puts an infant at risk for…

Answer 13

adverse effects and toxicities

Question 14

TRUE/FALSE: inguinal hernias in children ALWAYS require surgical correction

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

Technique for Assessing for Inguinal Hernia

Answer 15

palpate inguinal canal bilaterally
on the right side, palpate up to the external inguinal ring, invaginating the scrotum
have patient bear down
if no hernia, nothing is felt
if hernia, mass will be felt at tip of finger or against side of finger medially