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PSA questions > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What are some common indications of levetiracetam? What is the brand name for this drug?

A

epilepsy prophlaxis = focal, tonic-clonic, myoclonic

Keppra

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of levetiracetam?

A

acts on SV2A to interfere with synaptic vesicle function - modulates neuronal excitability

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3
Q

What are some warnings for levetiracetam?

A

renal impairment

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4
Q

What are some interactions for levetiracetam?

A

other anti-epileptics
hormonal contraception
warfarin

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5
Q

What are some adverse reactions of levetiracetam?

A

drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, headache, mood disturbances, psychiatric problems

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6
Q

What is carbamazepine used for?

A 
seizure prophylaxis (not absent)
trigeminal neuralgia
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7
Q

What are some adverse effects of carbamazepine?

A 
GI upset
neuro effects - dizzy, ataxia 
hypersensitivity 
oedema 
hyponatraemia
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8
Q

What are some warnings and interactions with carbamazepine?

A

prengancy, antiepileptic hypersensitivity syndrome, hepatic, renal or cardiac disease
caution when prescribing with other antiepileptics or any CYP reliant drug as it is a CYP inducer

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9
Q

What are some dopaminergic drugs, what are they used for and how do they work?

A

levodopa (precursor to dopamine), ropinirole, pramipexol (agonists for D2 receptor)
They are used to treat parkinson’s disease or secondary parkinsonism

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10
Q

What are some adverse effects of dopaminergic drugs?

A

nausea, drowsiness, confusion, hallucinations, hypotension
Wearing off effect - end of dose interval symptoms worsen
dyskinesia - increasing dose

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11
Q

What are some warnings and interactions of dopaminergic drugs?

A

don’t give in elderly, cognitive or psychiatric disease or cardiovascular disease
Always give with carbidopa to reduce conversion to dopamine outside brain
don’t give with antipsychotics or metoclopramide

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12
Q

What are the uses for pregabalin and gabapentin?

A

add on treatment for focal epilepsies
first line for neuropathic pain
an option in GAD

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13
Q

What are some adverse effects of pregabalin and gabapentin?

A

drowsiness, dizziness and ataxia

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14
Q

What are some warnings and interactions of pregabalin and gabapentin?

A

reduce in renal impairment

interaction with other sedating drugs - much less interactions compared to other antiepileptics

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15
Q

What is lamotrigene used for?

A

epilepsy - a good choice in pregnancy

bipolar depression

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16
Q

What are some adverse effects of lamotrigene?

A

blurred vision, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, GI symptoms, skin rash, hypersensitivity

17
Q

What are some warnings and interactions of lamotrigene?

A

warnings - hypersensitivity of other antiepileptics, may need to reduce dose in hepatic impairment, not much evidence of congenital malformations in pregnancy
Interactions - LOTS due to metabolism by glucuronidation

PSA questions (14 decks)

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