MSK Flashcards
What are some indications of methotrexate?
RA, cancers, psoriasis
What is the mechanism of action of methotrexate?
stops cell replication
What are some adverse reactions of methotrexate?
mucosal damage bone marrow suppression hypersensitivity reaction hepatic cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis risk of overdose
What are some warnings with methotrexate?
teratogenic
severe renal or liver impairment
What are contraindications of methotrexate?
drugs that inhibit renal excretion (NSAIDs etc)
folate antagnonists (e.g. trimethoprim)
clozapine
What are the common indications for allopurinol?
prevent gout, kidney stones, hyperuraemia and tumour lysis syndrome
What is the mechanism of action of allopurinol?
reduce plasma concentration of uric acid
What are adverse reactions of allopurinol?
worsen/trigger acute attacks of gout
rash
hypersensitivity reaction
What are interactions with allopurinol?
azathoprine
ACE-I
amoxicillin
What are warnings with allopurinol?
acute attack of gout
recurrent skin rash or hypersensitivity
renal or hepatic impairment
Which corticosteroids are glucocorticoids and how do they work?
prednisilone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone
they exert glucocorticoid effects (modify immune response, downregulate pro-inflammation)
What are indications of glucocorticoid steroids?
allergic or inflammatory disorders, suppression of autoimmune, cancers, adrenal insufficiency
What are some adverse reactions of glucocorticoids?
immunosuppression, behavioural and mood change, DM, osteoporosis, hypertension, hypokalaemia, oedema
What are some warnings for glucocortoid steroids?
infection, children
What are important interactions of glucocorticoids?
with drugs that increase risk of peptic ulcers e.g. NSAIDs
drugs that increase hypokalaemia - e.g. diuretics
CPY inducers reduce efficacy
