Neuro Flashcards
Head trauma, disoriented - lucent - coma
Epidural hematoma
Concave
Subdural hematoma
Babinski
Big toes goes back, other toes fan out. Suggestive of upper motor neuron lesion including CVA, spinal cord injury, etc.
LP with decreased glucose, increased protein
Bacterial meningitis
Meningitis and rash
Meningococcal
Pt unable to make the “stop sign” signal
Radial nerve injury
Unilateral facial weakness with inability to close eye
Bell’s palsy (self-limiting)
Cauda Equina syndrome - triad of sx
Loss of bowel and bladder function, saddle anesthesia, lower extremity weakness
Adolescent female with HA. +/- FHx. Severe HA, N/V, photophobia, +/- auras
migraine HA
Male, recurrent relapsing HA, worsened with EtOH, lacrimation, salivation, rhinorrhea
Cluster HA
Sudden onset thunderclap HA, “worse HA of my life”
subarachnoid hemorrhage
> 50 yo female w/ HA. Temporal artery tenderness or blindness
Temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritis). Elevated ESR, get temporal artery biopsy
Neurological impulses that impact large areas on both sides of the brain
Generalized seizures
Tonic-clonic
absence
Sz, clouding of consciousness, postictal phase, only affect a portion of the brain
Complex partial seizure
Recurrent episodes of vision change, diplopia, weakness and tingling in extremities that resolve
MS
s/p fall w/ bilateral LE weakness, urinary and rectal incontinence, decreased rectal tone
Cauda Equina syndrome - neurosurgical consult
Ascending paralysis
GBS
Weakness and fatigue in upper limbs, blurry vision, diplopia, respiratory distress
Myasthenia gravis
Pediatric with episodes of blank stares
Absence (petit-mal) seizures
3 mHz spikes of EEG
Absence (petit-mal) seizures
Sz, affects only one part of the brain, no alteration in consciousness
simple partial seizures
types: motor, sensory, Jacksonian
Parkinson symptoms
Resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity - cogwheeling
Dermatome levels
-nipple line
-umbilicus
-great toe
-little toe
-middle finger
T4
T10
L5
S1
C7
HA with jaw claudication
Temporal arteritis
Temporal artery biopsy
Tx with steroids
Blindness complication
“band-like” HA
Tension HA
Occipito-frontal areas - with tenderness of the neck
Symptoms start in one part of the body, then spread to another through recruitment of additional muscles along the same side of the body in a progressive, step-wise fashion
Jacksonian seizure
Tonic
Body stiffens
Clonic
Muscles will start to contract and relax rapidly, causing convulsions
These may range from exaggerated twitches of the arms and legs to violent shaking or vibrating of stiffened extremities.
Tonic clonic - experience postictal period of confusion, sleepiness and amnesia of the event
Absence seizure
Pt appears to “zone out” no postictal confusion. Can occur multiple times a day
