Derm Flashcards
KOH
Fungus, candida; Hyphae and buds, spaghetti and meatballs
Beefy red, sharp bordered rash in groin (infants), under breast folds with stellate lesions
Candida: Tx: Nystatin/Lotrimin cream QID x 14 days; if fails ketoconazole
Warm, erythematous, tender skin with possible induration or fluctuance
Cellulitis
Distinct, sharp, raised demarcated border with fever, chills. Group A strep
Erysipelas
Grouped vesicles on erythematous base
Herpes virus
Pain preceding vesicular rash in dermatomal pattern
Herpes zoster (if involved eye = herpes keratitis. NO steroids. Get immediate ophthalmology referral)
Honey colored crusts on erythematous base around nose and mouth
Impetigo. Tx: Mupirocin
Strawberry tongue
Scarlet fever (group A strep)
Pruritic raised erythematous plaques
Urticaria
Dewdrops on rose petal, pustules and vesicles at different stages of healing
varicella (chicken pox)
Flesh-colored, pink or yellow-brown lesions with rough, sandpaper feel, at sun-exposed areas
actinic keratosis
Non-pruritic, raised, warty brown-black plaques, stuck onto skin feeling greasy
Seborrheic keratosis
Pearly papule with umbilicated center
Molluscum contagiosum
Sexually active person with rash on palms and soles, general LAD
Secondary syphilis (money spots); VDRL will confirm
Christmas tree pattern, erythematous papules with oval plaques with scaly itchy border. Rash preceded by large oval plaque with central clearing and scaly border
Pityriasis rosea; Herald patch
Erythematic ring with scaly border and central clearing
Tinea (fungal infection); KOH prep = hyphae
Thick, yellow, brittle nails
Onychomycosis. Tx = PO terbinafine
Infant with erythematous, scaly, crusty lesions at vertex of scalp
Cradle cap - seborrheic dermatitis (Tx in infants with baby shampoo, warm olive oil compress, mild hydrocortisone cream; adults - selenium sulfide shampoo)
Children <10yo w/ vesicles on pharynx, mouth, hands, feet, with NO ulceration
Hand-foot-mouth disease. Coxsackie virus
Healthy looking <5 yo with lace-like rash on both cheeks - red papules
Erythema infectiosum “slapped cheek”, “5th disease”
Fever, pharyngitis, “sandpaper” rash over face, neck, trunk, extremities
Scarlet fever
High fever (up to 105F) x 5 days then rash. May have conjunctivitis, cracking, lip fissures
Kawasaki’s disease; look for cardiac complications (myocarditis, pericarditis, arteritis, aneurysms)
Erythema marginatum
Rheumatic fever
Silvery scaling plaques on extensor surfaces. Auspitz sign, Koebner’s phenomena
Psoriasis
Chronic venous insufficiency
Brownish pigmentation of lower legs
Actinic keratosis may progress to…
Squamous cell CA
Organism causing hot tub folliculitis
Pseudomonas
Erythema migrans
Lyme disease - bull’s eye rash
Pruritic, slightly raised tunnel in epidermis with small papule
scabies
Hair loss, oval shape, well-demarcated
Alopecia areata
Raised pearly borders, telangiectasia, central ulcer
basal cell CA
