Neuro Flashcards
What is spasmus nutans
acquired nystagmus of unknown etiology, fine, horizontal, rapid pendular nystagmus, associated with toritcollis and slow head nodding, typically has spontaneous resolution within months
What is treatment for dystonia reaction?
IV or IM diphenhydramine 1-2mg/kg
What medications can cause acute dystonic reactions as side effects?
CNS dopamine blockade from antipsychotic drugs - chlorpromazine or other phenothiazines
bilateral vestibular schwannomas, unilateral vestibular schwannoma with meningioma, schwannoma, neurofibroma, glioma, cataract s… diagnosis of
neurofibromatosis type 2
EEG slow waves 4-6 hz indicates
juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Absence seizures are characterized by EEG
3 Hz spike and slow waves
myoclonic jerks/seizures exacerbated by sleep deprivation or stress, with generalized tonic-clonic seizures are indicative of what seizure type
juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
What is the cardiac abnormality associated with tuberous sclerosis?
cardiac rhabdomyoma
What are the most common seizures types seen with tuberous sclerosis?
infantile spasms, partial motor seizures, GTC
What brain tumor may cause hypothalamic dysfunction in children with NF1?
optic pathway gliomas - if large enough can cause hypothalamic dysfunction presenting with precocious puberty
Elevated AFP in a fetus is associated with what defects?
Neural tube defects
What condition is defined as a disorder of beta-oxidation resulting in degradation of fatty acids and accumulation of VLCFAs in the white matter of the CNS?
X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
How might X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy present?
mimic ADHD symptoms, gait disturbance, visual deficits, seizures
20% of pts with Sturge-Weber syndrome have what on MRI?
leptomeningeal angioma (large tortuous venous structure) most often on parietal and occipital areas, with underlying atrophic parenchyma
Treatment for cluster headache?
100% O2, triptans for abortive therapy, verapamil for ppx
