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Boards Study > Heme > Flashcards

Heme Flashcards

1
Q

What is a sign of lead or heavy metal poisoning on peripheral smear?

A

blue granules - ribosomal precipitates

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2
Q

Hemolytic crisis from G6PD deficiency may be precipitated by which types of medications?

A

those that produce oxygen radicals (G6PD removes these) - nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, aspirin, antimalarials

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3
Q

onset of acute hemolytic crisis for patients with G6PD deficiency typically begins when after ingestion of a precipitating medication?

A

24-48 hours

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4
Q

What are symptoms of hemolytic crisis?

A

pallor, fatigue, dark urine, Heinz bodies on red blood cells - bite cells after removal.

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5
Q

Acanthocytes “spur cells” are commonly seen in what disease?

A

Liver disease

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6
Q

How does hydroxyurea work in sickle cell disease? (basic)

A

increases fetal hemoglobin and decreases HbS

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7
Q

What is an expected effect of hydroxyurea treatment for sickle cell?

A

myelosuppression

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8
Q

Diamond-Blackfan anemia causes what abnormalities on CBC

A

macrocytic anemia

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9
Q

What are laboratory findings of Fanconi anemia?

A

thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and anemia

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10
Q

What are PE findings of Fanconi anemia

A

abnormal thumbs and/or radial bones, abnormal skin pigmentation, microcephaly, small eyes, abnormal kidneys, cardiac, or skeletal

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11
Q

What CBC finding is most associated with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome?

A

neutropenia

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12
Q

What vitamin deficiency can cause hemolysis in premature infants?

A

Vitamin E

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13
Q

What is the antibody against in TTP?

A

ADAMTS13 - protease that breaks down ultralarge vWF multimersW

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14
Q

What is the treatment for TTP?

A

emergent plasma pheresis and corticosteroids

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15
Q

What is the immune target in ITP?

A

platelets –> plts are normal and/or INCREASED in size

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16
Q

What is a major laboratory difference between TTP and ITP?

A

hemoglobin - in ITP it is usually normal, while it is low in TTP

17
Q

What is Kasbach-Merrit phenomenon?

A

hemangioma thrombocytopenia syndrome - local intravascular coagulation and hypofibrinogenemia

18
Q

How might lupus anticoagulant affect clotting status?

A

lupus anticoagulant is prothrombotic, antiphospholipid antibody

19
Q

What is FVL?

A

inherited thrombophilia, associated with activated protein C resistance –> increased risk of thrombosis

20
Q

Low protein C is associated with (inc/dec) risk of thrombosis?

A

increased risk

21
Q

What clotting factors are NOT synthesized in the liver?

A

tissue factor, F8, vWF

22
Q

What medication can induce sickling in sickle cell patients?

A

furosemide/diuretics

23
Q

What other factors increase sickling?

A

hypoxia

24
Q
A

Boards Study (13 decks)

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