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Pathophysiology 2 > nervous systen > Flashcards

nervous systen Flashcards

1
Q

Peripheral

Nervous System

A

connection sensoryreceptor input and motor output to the
all nerves from brain and spinal cord to the the sensory receptors, muscles and glands
autonomic and somatic

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2
Q

Central nervous system

A

processing

integrative brain and spinal chord

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3
Q

Cranial Nerves

A 
Olfactory I  		
Optic II  		
Oculomotor III  	
Trochlear IV 		
Trigeminal V  	
Abducens VI  	
Facial VII  		
Auditory - Vestibulocochlear VIII 	
Glossopharyngeal IX  
Vagus X  						
Spinal Accessory XI  	
Hypoglossal XII
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4
Q

Lower motor neurons

A

neurons with cell bodies in the spinal cord or brain stem whose axon directly innervate skeletal muscles

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5
Q

Upper motor neurons

A

neurons that transmit information from the brain to lower motor neurons and interneurons in the brain stem and spinal cord
UMN synapse with LMN Tto innervate skeletal muscle

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6
Q

Cerebrum

A

divided into two hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure

outer layer cerecal cortex of grey matter

white matte of association fibre, commissural fibers(corpus callosum )and projection fibres

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7
Q

Basal Ganglia

A 
central gray matter
important in planning control and coordination of complex movement  
cohesive functional unit
eye movement
motivation
decision making
complex movement

base of the forebrain
planning learning and sequencing movement

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8
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

thick band of nerve fibers
divides the cerebral cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres.
connects the left and right sides of the brain
allowing for communication between both hemispheres

pre motor area
primary motor area
broca’s area

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9
Q

Pre motor cortex

A

Initiation and planning of mvt

Damage = apraxia

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10
Q

Primary Motor Area

A

initiates & controls voluntary movement

damage = paralysis at contralateral side of body

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11
Q

Broca’s area

A

translation of thought to speech
sends impulses to motor cortex
located in left hemisphere of most individuals
damgee =expressive dysphasia

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12
Q

Parietal lobe

A

interpretation of somatic sensation:

  • shape
  • pressure
  • texture
  • body awareness
  • spacial awareness
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13
Q

Temporal lobe

A

interpretation of sound
memory
contain primary auditory area
wernickes area

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14
Q

Primary auditory area

A

interprets basic characteristics of sound eg pitch & rhythm

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15
Q

Wernickes area

A

determines if a sound is speech, music or noise

interprets meaning of speech by translating words into thoughts

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16
Q

Occipital lobe

A 
visual input
 intensity of light
shape 
movement 
colour

relates past visual experiences with recognition & evaluation

17
Q

Brainstem

A

sensory and motor pathways and nuclei of cranial nerves

medulla -control centre

pons-relay station

midbrain- intergrates sensory information with motor output connecting forebrain to hindbrain to make fine adjustments to movement

18
Q

Diencephalon

A

thalumus and hypothalamus

19
Q

Thalamus

A

principal relay station for sensory input
interprets some crude sensations

organises cerebral function by transmitting impulse to and from appropriate areas in the cerebrum

20
Q

Hypothalumus

A

Regulates homeostasis through influence on autonomic system & pituitary gland

regulates:
temperature
appetite
BP
BR
sleep
pituitary gland secreation
21
Q

Limbic system

A

amydalga- controlling emotional response

hippocampus formation of memories

cingulate gyrus-cordinates smells and sights with pleasant memories, induces an emotional reaction to pain, and helps regulate aggressive behavior.

22
Q

Cerebullum

A

produce smooth, coordinated movement and balance through perceptive input from the sensory system and interacts with motor cortex receiving information about movement
controls posture
maintains equilibrium
coordination movement on its own side

23
Q

Gyri

A

a ridge or fold ion the cerebrum

24
Q

Fissure

A

longditidinal fissure dived the left hemisphere and the right hemnisphere of the brain

25
Q

Sulcus

A

depression or groove in the cerebral cortex surronding a Gyri

26
Q

Gray

A

in the living brain, contains the cell bodies, dendrites and axon terminals of neurons, so it is where all synapses are.

27
Q

White

A

White matter is made of axons connecting different parts of grey matter to each other.

28
Q

Spinal nerce

A

Sensory afferent

motor efferent

29
Q

corpus callosum

A

thick band of nerve fibers
divides the cerebral cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres.
connects the left and right sides of the brain
allowing for communication between both hemispheres

Pathophysiology 2 (18 decks)

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