Exercise Flashcards
Aerobic exercise
designed to increase cardiovascular fitness
oxygen is essential
sustained exercise
aerobic pathway energy supply
results in training adaptations to produce a more efficient aerobic energy pathway
VO2
volume of oxygen consumed per kg/minute i.e. ml/Kg/min
oxygen consumption at rest
3.5ml O2/Kg/min = 1 MET
MET
sleeping-0.9 walking- 2-3 showering 3-4 walking upstairs 4-7 jogging 10-11
VO2 max
The maximum volume of oxygen the body can utilize in a minute per kg
V02 max is the measure of an individuals aerobic capacity for activity
V02 max is when an increase in workload can only occur through anaerobic glycolosis
Respiratory response
Before exercise have increase stimulation increasing respiratory drice related to limbic system
potential increase from 6 litres per minute to 20 litres per minute
increase in tidal volume
increase in respiratory rate
Faster delivery of fresh air into lungs
Improved diffusion
Bohr effect
More alveoli activated increases surface area
EPOC -lag in oxygen consumption, continue to work harder to replenish stores and provide increased oxygen whilst system settles down.
ventilation doesnt limit exercise
Control
cerebral cortex- voluntary control over breathing hypothalamus respiratory centers in medulla and pons peripheral chemoreceptor central chemorececeptos stretch receptors in lungs irritant receptor receptors in muscles and joints
Ficks law
Rate of diffusio is directly proportional to:
surface area of exchange surface, the diffusion gradient and the diffusibilty of the gas
Inversely proportional to thickness of exchange surface
Oxygen Haemoglobin dissocation curve
Shift to the right decreased affinity to oxygen lower pH increased temperature increased CO2 BPG
Cardiac output
SV x HR
Blood flow
pulmonary perfusion increases up to 5 times
increased blood supply to skeletal muscles and skin
half the supply to digestion and kidneys
constant supply to the brain
MAP – Mean arterial pressure
CO x Total peripheral resistance (TPR)
Systolic BP increases steadily max 200 mmHg
MAP rarely exceeds 120 mmHg
Blood pressure
diastolic- constant
Systolic increase then decreases
Adaptations
INCREASES CARDIAC OUTPUT deeper breathing improved venous return sympothadrenal system increase stroke volume increase heart rate
INCREASES BLOOD FLOW TO SKELETAL MUSCLES sympathetic vasoconstriction skeletal muscle activity metabolic vasodilatiion increased cardiac output
Effects of exercise
endorphin
fear
