Motor neuron disease Flashcards
MND
“Progressive degenerative disorder of cortical,
brain stem and spinal motor neurones both
upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron
affecting anterior horn cells of spinal cord, corico-spinal tracts and motor nuclei of brain stem
Prevelance
slight male dominance
always adults peak onset 60
family history assosiation
primary lateral sclerosis
mainly UMN
spasticity lower limb
facial muscle weakness
weakness and stiffness of trunk
progressice muscular atrophy
earlier onset with initial lower motor neuron involvement and later bulbar involvement
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Mixed UMN & LMN
ALS signs and symptons
wasting of thenar emiance
spasticity
weakeness of upper limbs
ALS with progressice bulbar palsy signs and symptons
tounge atrophy and fasciculation emotional liability bulbar signs dysarthia dysphagia
Cause
combination of genetic and environmental
general signs and symptons
muscle wasting muscle weakness cramp fasciculation speech swallow and emotional problems
Diagnosis
nerve conduction
muscle biopsy
blood test
Management
hollistic- MDT
treatment for particular impairment
management to prevent/minimise long term decline
maintain function
