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T1 PHYSIOLOGY > NERVOUS SYSTEM - STRUCTURES OF N.S > Flashcards

NERVOUS SYSTEM - STRUCTURES OF N.S Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of Neuroglia Cells?

A

Provide support and protection to neurons

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2
Q

A dendrites function is known as?

A

Input portion

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3
Q

What is Dopamine?

A

The brain’s ‘reward and pleasure’ centre. Responsible for emotional responses/addictive behaviours

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4
Q

Which neuron contain a peripheral process and a central process?

A

Unipolar

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5
Q

Which neuron structure contain one main dendrite and one axon?

A

Bipolar

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6
Q

If neurotransmitter is inhibitory, AP is ______ likely

A

Less

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7
Q

Describe function of Sensory/Afferent Neurons.

A

Located at the dendrite ends. Once activated by a stimulus, AP forms and travels along the axon and into the CNS

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8
Q

An axons function is known as?

A

Output portion

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9
Q

Acetylcholine (ACh)

A

x

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10
Q

What is Myelin and its function?

A

Layers of lipid and protein covering to speed up AP

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11
Q

Define the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).

A

A barrier that prevents the passage of materials from the blood and the brain. Protects brains from harmful substances.

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12
Q

Astrocytes

A

Assists Blood-Brain Barrier and provide nutrients to neurons

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13
Q

What is PRE-Synaptic Neuron?

A

The neuron SENDING signals

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14
Q

What do Oligodendrocytes form and maintain?

A

Forms myelin sheath of CNS neurons

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15
Q

Which neuron structure contains several dendrites and one axon?

A

Multipolar

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16
Q

What is an Action Potential?

A

An electrical signal travelling along the cell membrane

17
Q

The peripheral axon of a unipolar neuron contain?

A

Sensory Receptors

18
Q

What is POST-Synaptic Neuron?

A

The neuron RECEIVING singals

19
Q

What is Serotonin?

A

A chemical controlling mood/sleep/appetite/temperature regulation/sensory perception

20
Q

The central axon of a unipolar neuron contain?

A

Axon Terminals

21
Q

What is the function of the ‘Microglia’?

A

It is a phagocytotic cell, that removes debris

22
Q

What is Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)?

A

A colourless fluid that circulates the brain and spinal cord.

23
Q

Describe Schwann Cells.

A

Found and functions in the PNS. They encircle the axon, form myelin sheath, and involved in regeneration

24
Q

Describe the function of Motor/Efferent Neurons.

A

The AP travels away from CNS, to the effectors

25
Q

Describe the function of Interneurons/Asscoiation Neurons.

A

The communication between sensory and motor neurons. Processes information (sensory.n) and activates response (motor.n) if needed.

26
Q

If neurotransmitter is excitatory, AP is ______ likely

A

More

27
Q

Define Synaptic Cleft.

A

Space between communicating neurons

28
Q

A cell body/soma function is?

A

Processes protein to parts of the neurons

29
Q

Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)

A

x

30
Q

What is Synapses?

A

Site of communication between two neurons or with another cell

31
Q

Where are the Synaptic End Bulbs located?

A

The ends of Axon Terminals

32
Q

Explain a Electrical Synapses.

A

APs conduct directly between the plasma membranes through gap junctions

33
Q

What is a Stimulus?

A

A major change in environment (internal/external) that activates an AP

34
Q

Where are Axon Terminals located?

A

The ends of an axon

35
Q

Explain Chemical Synapses.

A

AP reaches the end of the pre-synaptic neuron, the release of a neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft, binds to the post-synaptic neuron

36
Q

Neurotransmitter (NT)

A

A chemical released by the pre-synaptic neuron to affect the post-synaptic neurons or effector

37
Q

What is the function of Ependymal cells?

A

Produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid in brain and spinal cord

T1 PHYSIOLOGY (17 decks)

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