NERVOUS SYSTEM PT 3 - STRUCTURE/FUNCTION/SUBDIVISIONS OF PNS Flashcards
What is a Posterior/Dorsal Root Ganglion?
A swelling in the posterior root containing cell bodies of sensory neurons of the PNS
What is the Somatic Nervous System (SNS) is known as?
The ‘voluntary nervous system’
What is the function of the sensory neurons in the ENS (Enteric Nervous System)?
Monitors chemical changes and stretching the walls within the GI Tract.
Explain the process of repair in the PNS.
Dendrites and myelinated axons damage can be repaired if cell body is intact and Schwann cells are active.
Where does the nervous system receive its glucose?
From BLOOD or NEUROGLIAL CELLS
What CT layer is the Endoneurium, and what does it cover?
Innermost layer covering the axon
Which structure in the brain plays the major control and integration centre for the ANS?
Hypothalamus
Which structures are involved in the path of communication of the Cranial Nerves?
Between the brain and the periphery
Which structures are involved in the path of communication of the Spinal Nerves?
Between the spinal cord and periphery
What is a Nerve Root?
Two bundles of axons connecting the SPINAL NERVE to the SPINAL CORD
Which ‘root’ of the spinal nerve do MOTOR AXONS travel through?
Anterior/Ventral Root
What is the function of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)?
Automatically monitors and controls body activities
What are the 2 divisions of the ANS?
- Sympathetic Nervous System (SyNS)
- Parasympathetic Nervous System (PaNS)
How many pairs of spinal nerves are present?
31 pairs
Explain the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PaNS.
The ‘rest and digest’ system. Restores energy systems
What CT layer is the Perineurium, and what does it cover?
Middle layer covering fascicles
C1 - C7 exit the spine _____ their corresponding vertebra
Above
C8 exits _______ C7 and T1 vertebra
Between
The ‘Atlas’ of the spinal nerves is also known as?
Known as C1. Site where the 1st cervical nerves emerge from the spinal cord
What is the function of Motor Neurons in the Somatic Nervous System?
Motor neurons conduct impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles only
The effects of sympathetic stimulation last _______ than the effects of parasympathetic stimulation.
Longer
There are ___ pairs of cranial nerves exiting from the _____ of the _____.
- 12 pairs
- Base of the brain
What is the function of the motor neurons in the ENS (Enteric Nervous System)?
Controls the contractions and secretions of the GI Tract
The fascicles of the spinal nerve is defined as?
A bundle of axons
What CT layer is the Epineurium, of the Spinal Nerve?
Outermost layer
Explain the Sympathetic Nervous System (SyNS).
The ‘fight or flight’ system. Activates high sympathetic activity (i.e. threats/panic)
What is the function of the Sensory Neurons in the Somatic Nervous System?
Sensory neurons convey information to the CNS
Explain the process of repair in the CNS.
Little or no repair if damaged neurons
T1 - L5 exit _____ their corresponding vertebra
Below
Which ‘root’ of the spinal nerve do SENSORY AXONS travel through?
Posterior/Dorsal Root
