LYMPHATIC SYSTEM Flashcards
Name the 3 Lymphatic organs.
- Red Marrow
- Thymus
- Spleen
What is the function of Red Marrow in the Lymphatic System?
Produces B Cells and immature T Cells (Pre-T Cells)
What is the function of the Thymus in the Lymphatic System?
Produces mature T Cells from Pre-T Cells
Which structure contains a large mass of lymph tissue?
Spleen
What is the function of the Spleen?
- Removes ruptured RBCs
- Stores platelets and monocytes
Describe the mechanism of Lymphatic Capillaries.
In between spaces of cells, absorbing interstitial fluid in but not out
Describe the mechanism of Lymphatic Vessels
Merged from capillaries - one-way valves passing through Lymph Nodes
Describe the mechanism of Lymph Nodes.
Clusters of lymphocytes in a dense CT capsule alone the lymphatic vessels as a lymph filtration
Describe the Lymphatic Trunks.
Merged from Lymphatic Vessels
What are the 2 types of Lymphatic Ducts?
- Thoracic Duct
- Right Lymphatic Duct
Explain the Thoracic Duct.
Drains:
- Left head/neck/chest
- entire body below Ribs
Into: (L) Subclavian Vein
Explain the Right Lymphatic Duct.
Drains:
- Right head/neck/chest
Into (R) Subclavian Vein
What is the sequence of Lymphatic Flow
Blood Capillaries Interstitial Space/Fluid Lymph Capillaries L. Vessels L. Ducts Subclavian Veins
What maintains Lymphatic Flow?
- Skeletal muscle pump
- Breathing/Respiratory Pump
- Smooth muscle contractions
Describe the Non-Specific Defence Mechanism.
- Doesn’t recognize invaders (no memory)
- Rapid response
Explain the defence of Skin. (1st Line Defence)
Sheds keratinized cells (1st Line Defence)
Explain the defence of Tears. (1st Line Defence)
Washes eyes
Explain the defence of Saliva. (1st Line Defence)
Washes teeth and mucous membrane
Explain the defence of Urine. (1st Line Defence)
Reduces microbial growth
Explain the defence of Gastric Juice. (1st Line Defence)
Stomach destroys bacteria
Explain the defence of Defecation and Vomiting. (1st Line Defence)
Removes microbes
Function of Antimicrobial Proteins. (2nd Line Defence)
Discourage microbial growth
Function of Natural Killer Cells. (2nd Line Defence)
Recognizes/kills microbes
Function of Phagocytes. (2nd Line Defence)
Eats microbes
Function of Inflammation. (2nd Line Defence)
- Response to tissue damage
- Remove/Prevent/Prepare
Function of Fever. (2nd Line Defence)
Intensifies antimicrobial activity
What is the Specific Defences also known as?
Immunity
Define Antigen.
Substance recognized as foreign and evokes an immune response
Name the 2 types of Antigens.
- Cell-Mediated
- Antibody-Mediated
Explain Cell-Mediated Immune Responses.
Effective against Fungi / Parasites / Viruses / Cancer cells / Foreign Tissue.
T-Cells activate/enlarge/proliferate/differentiate
What is the function of Helper T Cells?
Trigger Proliferation
What is the function of Cytotoxic T Cells?
Migrate and destroy invader
What is the function of Memory T Cells?
Stays at site and attack future infections stronger
Explain Antibody-Mediated Immune Response
Effective against Body Fluids / Extracellular Pathogens
B-Cells activate/enlarge/differentiate
What is the function of Plasma Cells in an immune response?
Secrete Antibodies
What is the function of Memory B Cells?
Stays at site and attack future infections stronger
Describe Antibodies/Immunoglobulins.
Produced by plasma cells to neutralize, inhibit, or destroy antigen
Describe IgG.
Found in blood/lymph/intestines
Crosses placenta to newborn
Describe IgA.
Found in sweat/tears/saliva/mucous/breast milk/GI
Decreases during stress
Describe IgM.
Found in blood/lymph
Blood transfusion reaction
Describe IgE.
Found in blood
Involved in allergic/hypersensitive reactions/against parasitic worms
Describe IgD.
Found in blood
Activates B Cells
