Nervous System / Neurones Flashcards
what does the nervous system do
enables humans to react to their surroundings and to coordinate their behaviours
what are the two parts that make up the nervous system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system
what makes up the central nervous system
the brain and spinal cord
what makes up the peripheral nervous system
all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
what happens in a nervous response
information from receptors travel along neurones as electrical impulses
define reflex
involuntary response to a stimuli
describe a reflex
an innate, rapid, automatic and protective response
give 5 examples of reflexes
breathing digestion dropping hot object pupil widens in darkness increase in heart rate
what sends an electrical impulse to the CBS
sensory neurone
what does the relay neurone do
passes impulse from CNS to motor neurone
what passes electrical impulse to the effector
motor neurone
what is transported between synapses
neurotransmitters diffused through synapses as chemicals
what is a synapse
small gap between neurones
describe how neurotransmitters travel between synapses
incoming electrical impulses cause neurotransmitters to move to the membrane and neurotransmitter is released into synapse to be diffused across
neurotransmitters bund to specific receptors on membrane of next neurone
electrical impulses continues to effector
