Metabolism Flashcards
define metabolism
the sun of all chemical reactions in the body
define metabolic rate
the speed at which most chemical reactions take place in the body
give 5 examples of reactions included in metabolism
respiration protein synthesis conversion of carbohydrates formation of lipids breakdown of excess proteins
what does respiration provide energy for (2)
enzyme controlled reactions
breakdown and synthesis of new molecules
what is protein synthesis needed for (2)
making enzymes
growth and repair
what is conversion of carbohydrates needed for (3)
cellulose to strengthen cell walls
glycogen as storage of glucose in muscles for respiration
glucose stored as insoluble starch when photosynthesis cannot occur
what is the formation of lipids needed for
energy storage
making hormones
making cell membranes
what is breakdown of excess proteins needed for
to excrete urea
give 5 factors that affect metabolism
age proportion of muscle to fat activity level genetic traits gender
how does age affect metabolism
younger people have increased protein synthesis and more metabolic reactions
how does proportion of muscle to fat affect metabolism
increases respiration rate with more muscle than fat
how does activity level affect metabolism
increases respiratory rate, digestion and synthesis of molecules
how do genetic traits affect metabolism
may lack specific enzymes
how does gender affect metabolism
hormone levels differ
what does the liver break down (3)
toxic substances such as :
ethanol
lactic acid
excess protein
