Heart Structure / CHD / Blood Vessels

Question 1

name all the structures in the journey of an oxygen molecule starting at the lungs

Answer 1

pulmonary vein > left atrium > left ventricle> aorta> (body) > vena cava> right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary artery

Question 2

describe what happens to the heart during exercise

Answer 2

increases heart rate , increases blood flow and increases rate of respiration
this is to pump more oxygen and glucose to the working muscles for respiration and to remove waste products such as carbon dioxide

Question 3

is coronary heart disease communicable or non communicable

Answer 3

non communicable

Question 4

what is CHD caused by

Answer 4

CHD is caused by a build up of plaque in the coronary artery which blocks blood flow , causing dead heart muscles

Question 5

give 4 symptoms of CHD

Answer 5

struggling to live
extreme laziness
chest pain
heart attack

Question 6

give 6 lifestyle factors that may affect CHD

Answer 6

lack of exercise
poor diet
high cholesterol 
genetic predisposition 
smoking 
obesity

Question 7

what are the 3 methods to cure / help CHD

Answer 7

stents
statins
lifestyle changes

Question 8

how do stents cure CHD

Answer 8

small mesh tubes put in coronary arteries to expand and push back plaque which INCREASES blood flow

Question 9

give 2 advantages of stents

Answer 9

gets rid of plaque

improved blood flow

Question 10

give a disadvantage of stents

Answer 10

surgery needed

Question 11

describe how statins cure CHD

Answer 11

drugs that break down plaque and reduces fatty material deposit to widen arteries

Question 12

give an advantage of statins

Answer 12

gets rid of plaque

Question 13

give 2 disadvantages of statins

Answer 13

muscle pains

needing to take daily tablets

Question 14

describe how lifestyle changes may cure CHD

Answer 14

changing diet to include less cholesterol and quitting smoking stops the blockages

Question 15

give an advantage of lifestyle changes

Answer 15

healthier life altogether

Question 16

give 2 disadvantages of lifestyle changes

Answer 16

hard to adjust to

takes time

Question 17

describe how arteries transport blood

Answer 17

arteries are thick vessels that transport oxygenated blood at high pressure away from the hearts

Question 18

describe how capillaries transport blood

Answer 18

capillaries are thin vessels that transport oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to the heart and lungs

Question 19

describe how veins transport blood

Answer 19

veins are thick vessels that transport deoxygenated blood to the heart at low pressure and they have valves to prevent back flow

Question 20

name all 4 components of blood

Answer 20

plasma
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets

Question 21

give the function of plasma

Answer 21

to transport blood cells throughout body with nutrients, antibodies, waste products and hormones

Question 22

give the function of red blood cells

Answer 22

it has no nucleus to help change shape easily; contains haemoglobin to combine with oxygen and carbon dioxide and carry it around the body

Question 23

give the function of white blood cells

Answer 23

protect against infection by producing antibodies to target bacteria

Question 24

give the function of platelets

Answer 24

help the process of blood clotting and stops blood from leaking