Nervous system

Question 1

main function of the nervous system?

Answer 1

control/communication centre of the body. it maintains homeostasis of internal processes and provides electrical stimulus that triggers skeletal muscle to contract

Question 2

what is another role of the nervous system?

Answer 2

gathers info (sensation), interprets info (integration) and initiate response (response)

Question 3

what is sensation?

Answer 3

gathers info about internal/external environment. sensors in the body. sensors in the body detect this.

Question 4

what is integration?

Answer 4

interprets/analyses info gathered from sensors and then decides an appropriate action. this is usually involuntary with no conscious thought

Question 5

what is response?

Answer 5

system responds to the info analysed. THIS WORKS CLOSELY WITH THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Question 6

what are the 2 primary divisions for the nervous system?

Answer 6

1) CNS

2) PNS

Question 7

what is the CNS?

Answer 7

central nervous system, is the control base for the nervous system. consists of brain and spinal cord.

Question 8

what are the 4 parts of the brain?

Answer 8

1) cerebrum
2) cerebellan
3) diencelphanam
4) brain stem

Question 9

parts of the spinal cord

Answer 9

consists of cervical,lumbar,thoracic and sacral segments. is the communication link between the brain and PNS. IT INTEGRATES INFO AND PRODUCES RESPONSES VIA REFLEX MECHANISMS (ARC)

Question 10

what is the PNS?

Answer 10

peripheral nervus system (all branches of nerves that lie outside of spinal cord. is divided into 2 parts :

1) somatic system-controls voluntary movement of the skeletal muscle
2) automatic system-controls involuntary functions

Question 11

what are neurones?

Answer 11

transmit electrical impulses/messages. spinal nerves are divided into motor and sensory neurones.

Question 12

what are sensory neurones?

Answer 12

they carry to the CNS from sensory organs. they are on posterior side of spinal cord from variety of sensory receptors.(in muscles, joints,tendons relay info to CNS)

Question 13

what are motor. neurones?

Answer 13

they carry messages from CNS to muscles and glands. exit on anterior side of spina cord. neurones transmit impulses from CNS to sensory glands, making muscles contract and glands to secrete

Question 14

what does each nerve cell have?

Answer 14

1) a cell body directing activities of neurones.
2) dendrites picking up impulses and transmiting them to the body
3) axon which transmits messages away from the cell(assisted by myelin sheaf)

Question 15

what are the principles of muscle contraction?

Answer 15

info from external environment sent to CNS to be processed. The brain sends info on body position, muscles to contract, no. of units. these are stimulated to contact. muscles pull on bones=movement through sliding actions of myofilaments

Question 16

All or none law

Answer 16

a motor unit has a single motor neurone. single motor neurone activates 5-1000 muscle fibres depending on location/function. impulse is sent down a neurone, fibres are activated. ALL OR NONE LAW OCCURS (all fibres contract at same time and force creating movement)

Question 17

how many types of muscle fibres make a motor unit

Answer 17

1

Question 18

what are the muscle sense organs? 3

Answer 18

1) joint receptors (found in ligaments =, joint capsule. TELL BRAIN POSITION OF JOINT)
2) muscle spinchles (in the muscle, TELL BRAIN HOW STRAIGHT MUSCLE and HOW MANY MOTOR UNITS ACTIVATED)
3) Golgi tendon organs (in the tendons, TELL BRAIN FORCE GENERATED IN MUSCLE, if force is too much they cause muscle to relax)

Question 19

Golgi tendon organs play a big role in ballistic/PNF training, why?

Answer 19

as muscle relaxes, it can be taken further into the stretch

Question 20

what are the improvements to motor fitness due to regular activity?

Answer 20

greater balance
greater coordination
greater power
improved speed
faster reaction time
greater agility