location of muscles,insertion,origin,actions

Question 1

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of external obliques

Answer 1

location= side of abdomen, closer to the surface (superficial)
origin=outer surface of 6th-12th ribs
insertion=iliac crest, the pubis and the fascial connection to the linea alba
contraction=rotation and lateral flexion of spine

Question 2

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of transverses abdominus

Answer 2

location=abdomen
origin=iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and lower 6 ribs
insertion= pubis and fascial connection to the linear ulna
contraction=compressing and supporting the abdominal contents, deep stabiliser in the spine

Question 3

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of diafragm

Answer 3

location= beneath ribcage
origin=base of sternum, inner surface of the lower 6 ribs and the upper 3 lumbar vertebrae
insertion=central tendon of the diaphragm
contraction=drawing the central diaphragmatic tendon downwards increasing volume the thorax

Question 4

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of intercostals

Answer 4

location=between ribs
origin=inferior border of ribs and costal cartilages
insertion=superior border of the rib below
contraction=elevate ribs to acid respiration and draws ribs down to aid expiriation

Question 5

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of hip flexors

Answer 5

location=through the pelvis and onto the femur
origin=iliac fossa and lumbar vertebrae
insertion=lesser trochanter of the femur
contraction=flexion and external rotation of hip

Question 6

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of gluteus maximus

Answer 6

location=bottom buttocks
origin= coccyx, sacrum, and iliac crest
insertion=upper femur and illiotibial band (ITB)
contraction=extension,external rotation and abduction of hip

Question 7

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of abductor group gluteus medium and minimus

Answer 7

location=outside of upper thigh/hip
origin=outer surface of the ilium
insertion= upper femur and upper tibia (via ITB)
contraction=abduction of hip

Question 8

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of adduction group

Answer 8

location=inner thigh
origin=the pubis and ischium
insertion=upper, mid and lower femur
contraction=adduction and internal rotation of hip

Question 9

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of quads

Answer 9

location=front of thigh
origin=anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)and femur
insertion=anterior, upper tibia via the patella
contraction=flexion of hip and extension of patella

Question 10

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of hamstrings

Answer 10

location=back of thigh
origin=ischium and posterior surface of femur
insertion=head of the fibula and upper, medial surface of tibia
contraction=extension of hip, flexion of patella and tilting the pelvis posteriorly

Question 11

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of gastrocnemius

Answer 11

location=calf
origin=posterior lower femur
insertion=calcaneus
contraction=plantarflexion of the ankle and flexion of knee

Question 12

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of soleus

Answer 12

loaction=calf
origin= upper posterior tibia
insertion=calcaneus
contraction= planter flexion of ankle

Question 13

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of tibias anterior

Answer 13

location=front of lower leg
origin=lateral,upper tibia
insertion=1st metatarsal and medial tarsal
contraction = dorsiflexion and inversion of the ankle

Question 14

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of deltiods

Answer 14

location=shoulder
origin=clavicle and upper scapula
insertion=upper humerous
contraction= abduction,flexion,extension,horizontal flexion and extension, internal and external rotation of shoulder joint

Question 15

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of biceps brachii

Answer 15

location=front of upper arm
origin=anterior surface of scapula
insertion=upper radius
contraction=flexion of elbow, supination of forearm and flexion of shoulder

Question 16

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of tricep brachii

Answer 16

location=back of upper arm
origin=posterior upper humerous and the scapula
insertion=upper ulna
contraction= extension of the elbow, extension and abduction of shoulder joint

Question 17

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of latissimus dorsi

Answer 17

location=sides of the back
origin=lower 7 thoracic vertebrae, inferior angle of scapula, thoracolumbar fascia and the iliac crest
insertion=anterior upper humerous
contraction= adduction, extension, internal rotation of shoulder joint

Question 18

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of trapezius

Answer 18

location= upper back
origin=base of skull, spinous processes of C7-T12
insertion=lateral clavicle and upper surface of scapula
contraction= elevation, retraction and depression of shoulder girdle, extension, lateral flexion and rotation of neck

Question 19

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of rhomboids

Answer 19

location=mid back
origin=spinous processes of C7-T5
insertion=medial border of scapula
contraction=retraction and elevation of scapula

Question 20

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of pectoralis major

Answer 20

location=chest
origin=medial clavicle and sternum
insertion=upper humerous
contraction=flexion,horizontal flexion, adduction and internal rotation of shoulder joint

Question 21

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of erector spinae

Answer 21

location=either side of spine
origin=sacrum, ilium, ribs and vertebrae
insertion=ribs,vertebrae and base of skull
contraction=extension and lateral flexion of spine

Question 22

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of rectus abdominis

Answer 22

location=along the centre of abdomen
origin=pubis
insertion=cartilage of 5th-7th rib and base of sternum
contraction= flexion and lateral flexion of spine and tilting the pelvis posteriorly

Question 23

describe location, origin, insertion and contraction of internal obliques

Answer 23

location= sides of abdomen, deeper to external obliques
origin=iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia
insertion=lower 3 ribs and the fascial connection to the linear alba
contraction= rotation and lateral flexion of the spine