Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ZOOT 1 100 > NERVOUS SYSTEM > Flashcards

NERVOUS SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

anything that can cause excitation or activation

A

stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

a wave of excitation transmitted through nervous

tissues (along neuron connections)

A

impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

an automatic and involuntary response to change

A

reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

is the primary functional cell of the nervous system. This

cell is highly excitable, which results in the rapid transmission of information

A

neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cell body

A

soma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

are neuronal

processes that transmit electrical signals toward the cell body

A

dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a neuronal process responsible in conducting electrical signals away from the
cell body

A

axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

conduct signals from receptors to the central nervous

system (CNS)

A

sensory

or afferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

conduct signals from the CNS to effector organs such as muscles and glands

A

motor or efferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

conduct signals from one neuron to another, and are

mainly confined to the CNS

A

interneurons or

association neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

having only one process

A

unipolar neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

having

one dendrite and one axon, and these are common in sensory system

A

bipolar neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

are sensory neurons having their single dendrite and

axon fused resulting to a single process appearance

A

pseudounipolar neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

having a number of dendrites and a single axon

A

multipolar

neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Supporting cells of the nervous system

A

neuroglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

are cells of the CNS that form the myelin

sheaths that surround axon of neurons

A

Oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

are cells of the CNS that regulate extracellular brain

fluid composition and promote tight junctions to form the bloodbrain barrier.

A

Astrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

are specialized macrophages of the CNS responsible in

removing damage neurons and infections.

A

Microglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CNS cells that line the brain ventricles and
spinal cord central canal, and also help in forming choroid
plexuses that secrete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

A

Ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

peripheral nervous system (PNS) cells that
surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia (singular: ganglion; clusters
of neural bodies outside the CNS), and provide support and
nutrients.

A

Satellite cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

are cells of the PNS that are

wrap around portion of one axon to form myelin sheath.

A

Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  • composed of the brain
    and spinal cord
  • controls most of the functions of the body and mind
A

central nervous system (CNS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

composed of sensory neurons and motor

neurons, which are further divided based on their physiologic functions

A

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

receives and processes
sensory information, initiates responses, stores memories, and generates
thoughts and emotions

A

brain

25
Q

is responsible in conducting

signals to and from the brain, and controls reflex activities.

A

spinal cord

26
Q

The CNS is

covered by a connective tissue called

A

meninges

27
Q

the thick

outermost layer composed of dense irregular connective tissue

A

dura mater or pachymeninx

28
Q

the middle layer with thin filaments creating a weblike appearance

A

arachnoid

29
Q

the innermost layer that directly covers the surface of the

brain

A

pia mater

30
Q

is used to describe the combination

of pia mater and arachnoid

A

leptomeninx

31
Q

the largest

part, that can be divided into several lobes

A

cerebrum

32
Q
  • located at the
    back of the brainstem
  • functions in
    coordination of muscle movements, maintaining posture, and balance
A

cerebellum

33
Q
  • connects the cerebral
    hemispheres (right and left) with the spinal cord
  • functions as relay center, connecting the cerebrum and
    cerebellum to the spinal cord for involuntary movements such as swallowing,
    breathing, heartbeat, body temperature, digestion, and wake and sleep
    cycles
A

brainstem

34
Q

The surface of the cerebrum
in domestic mammals is increased by numerous foldings to form convex
ridges which are separated by furrows

A

gyri (gyrus: singular) & fissures or sulci (sulcus: singular)

35
Q

for judgement,

foresight, and voluntary movement

A

frontal lobe

36
Q

for comprehension of

language

A

parietal lobe

37
Q

as the primary visual area

A

occipital lobe

38
Q

for intellectual and emotional functions

A

temporal lobe

39
Q

5 parts of spinal cord

A
  • cervical part
  • thoracic part
  • lumbar part
  • sacral part
  • caudal or coccygeal part
40
Q

the inner part, has letter H

appearance and composed mainly of nerve cell bodies

A

gray matter/substance

41
Q

superficial part, composed predominantly of nerve fibers.

A

white

matter/substance

42
Q

that controls voluntary movements

A

somatic nervous system

43
Q

that controls involuntary movement

A

autonomic nervous system

44
Q

for “fight or flight”

A

sympathetic division

45
Q

for “rest and digest”

A

parasympathetic division

46
Q

controls body temperature, reproductive
functions, eating, sleeping, and the display of
emotions.

A

forebrain

47
Q

associated with vision, hearing, motor
control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and
temperature regulation.

A

midbrain

48
Q

controls functions outside conscious

control, such as breathing and blood flow.

A

hindbrain

49
Q

are pairs of nerves that connect the brain to the

different parts of the head, neck, and trunk, providing motor and sensory supply

A

cranial nerves

50
Q

cranial nerves

sensory type for smell

A

I - olfactory

51
Q

cranial nerves

sensory type for vision

A

II - optic

52
Q

cranial nerves

motor type for eye movement (3)

A

III - oculomotor
IV - trochlear
VI - abducens

53
Q

cranial nerves

both sensory and motor type for facial touch, temperature, and pain

A

V - trigeminal

54
Q

cranial nerves

both sensory and motor type for chewing, saliva production, and taste buds

A

VII - facial

55
Q

cranial nerves

sensory type for maintaining equilibrium and hearing

A

VIII - vestibulocochlear

56
Q

cranial nerves

both sensory and motor type for throat and tongue movement and swallowing

A

IX - glossopharyngeal

57
Q

cranial nerves

both sensory and motor type for heart and lung signals

A

X - vagus

58
Q

cranial nerves

motor type for neck muscle motor functions

A

XI - accessory

59
Q

cranial nerves

motor type for tongue, chewing movement, and speech

A

XII - hypoglossal

ZOOT 1 100 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions