nervous 2

Question 1

________ are the areas innervated by each nerve

Answer 1

dermatomes

Question 2

what are the 4 modalities of the somatosensory system?

Answer 2

proprioception, mechanoreception, thermoreception, nociception

Question 3

first order neurons are:

second order nuerons are:

third order neurons are:

Answer 3

primary afferent neurons and sensory receptors

spinal cord neurons

thalamocortical neurons

Question 4

first order neurons connect the _____ to the _____. They carry info from _____ into the _____. Motor efferent fibers leave the ___

Answer 4

PNS, CNS

tissue, dorsal horn

ventral horn of the spinal cord to innervate tissue

Question 5

primary afferent neurons are ______ in structure, their cell body lies in the ____

Answer 5

pseudo-unipolar

dorsal root ganglion

Question 6

is a terminal a synpase?

Answer 6

no

Question 7

A alpha is mostly

Answer 7

propriception

Question 8

A beta is mostly

Answer 8

mechanoreception

Question 9

A delta is

Answer 9

fast nociception and temperature

Question 10

C is

Answer 10

slow nociception, temperatuer, itch

Question 11

sematosensory receptors can be specialized structures or_____. Can be modality specific or ______. they have _______

Answer 11

free nerve endings

multimodal

specific receptive fields

Question 12

a smaller receptive field allows for_____, but requires ____.

More sensitive areas have _____.

Answer 12

more acuity, more receptors

smaller receptive fields

Question 13

Recptive fields must be discrete, but ____. ______ effectively removes weaker stimuli that surround a strong stimulus

Answer 13

most stimuli arent

laterl inhibition

Question 14

phasci receptors are _____, they stop firing when ____, provide indo about _____ in stimulus

Answer 14

fast adapting

stimuli are constant

change

Question 15

tonic receptors are_____, and they have no _____. Provide info about _____

Answer 15

slow adapting

adaptation

steady state stimulus

Question 16

proprioceptors are located:

they are usually:

innervated by:

Answer 16

within muscles, tendons, and ligaments, and joints

specialized structures like golgy tendon organs, muscle spindles, and joint kinesthetic receptors

A alpha fast conducting fibers, usually rapid adapting

Question 17

mechanoreceptors sense:

they are innervated by

there are 4 types

Answer 17

all aspects of touch, pressure, vibration, movement

A beta

merkel discs, meissners corpuscles, ruffini corpuslcs, pacinain corpuscles

Question 18

Merkel Discs measure:

located in the:

receptive field is:

they are ____ adapting

dense in

Answer 18

sustained, light touch, pressure, fine details

epidermis

small

slowly

fingertips, genitalia, lips

Question 19

Meissner Corpuscles are located:

receptive field is

____ adapting

the sense:

Answer 19

in supercicial layers of skin

small

rapid

light touch, movement of textures across skin

Question 20

Ruffini corpuscles lie:

receptive field is:

they sense:

____ adapting

Answer 20

parallel to the skin

large

skin tension, stretch produced by digit or limb movements

slow

Question 21

pacinian corpuscles are located:

receptive field is

they measure/sense

____ adapting

Answer 21

in subcutaneous tissue

large

deep pressure, vibration, fine surface textures

Question 22

thermoreceptors are____ nerve endings

kinf of nerve fibers:

the sense:

warm:

cool:

Answer 22

free

A delta or C

sudden changes in skin temp

30 to 43, above 43 nociception

10 to 25, below 15 nociception

Question 23

thermoreceptors have

Answer 23

transient receptor potential ion channels, non selective cation channels, each one has distinct terminal activation and inactivation

Question 24

birds are insensitive to capsacian becaude

Answer 24

they have a mutation in TRPV1 receptors making them not feel it

Question 25

the DCML pathway senses

Answer 25

fine touch, pressure, proprioceptive sensations

Question 26

the spinothalamic tract senses

Answer 26

crude touch, pain, temp

Question 27

the thalamus acts as a____

___ and ___ nuclei relay info from the spinal cord the brain cortex

Answer 27

relay station

VPL, VPM

Question 28

somatosensory information asends through the thlamus ordered to _____.

areas with greater sensory receptor innervation typically are represented by

Answer 28

which area of the body it came from

a larger portion of the cortex

Question 29

the _____ is a topographic mp of each whisker

Answer 29

barrel cortex