Nervous 1 Flashcards
what is a ganglion?
a centralized group of electrically active cells
what is a brain?
a centralized command over the entire body, two lobes, more interneurons than direct primary neurons
when does a ganglion become a brain?
when there are two lobes, if it has more interneurons than primary ones, and if it has centralized command
what is the neocortex?
part of the cerebral cortex, highly organized and complex, has 6 layers
does having more neurons mean you’re smarter?
NO! whales have very complex neocortex, birds don’t have one but are very smart
frontal lobe is for
motor cortex, planning, long term memories, higher functions
temporal lobe is for
auditory cortex, memory formation, communication, facial recognition
pareital lobe does what
sensory integration from multiple modalities (somatosensory cortex)
what cations and anions do neurons use?
Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl- and other anions
resting membrane potential is around
-60-70 mV due to a negative charge built up on the interior of the neuron
ions always want to flow _____ to eliminate electrical potentials.
down concentration gradients
resting membrane potential is maintained by _____
ion pumps, sodium potassium pumps
maintaining resting membrane potential is ______
an energy intensive process, 1 ATP per 3 Na+ ions
what are the two types of passive transport channels?
ligand-gated channels and voltage-gated channels
voltage gated sodium channels open at _____ and inactivate at
-50 to -55 mV
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