Histology: Respiratory Flashcards
what are the two cell types that form an alveolus?
type i pnemocytes
type ii pnemocytes
what do type I pneumocytes do?
they make up the alveolar epithelium
what do type II pneumocytes do?
they are septal cells that secrete pulmonary surfactant
what are dust cells?
macrophages in the alvolae
label
A: alveolar septum
B: type II pneumcyte
C: alveolar capillary
D: type I pneumcyte
the gas pressure needed to resist collapsing forests if surface tension is _____ related to the radius, meaning what?
inversely
if the radius is small ( as it is in alveoli), then the gas pressure to resist them collpasing is higher, so this is why we need surfactant
surfactant is secreted by
type II penumoytes
lack of surfactant causes _____
infant respiratory distress sybdrome
what is
a dust cell, aka, alveolar macrophage
how do you tell the difference between an alveolar duct and an alveolar sac?
a duct will have 2 holes like a tube, and a sac will only have one hole
the bronchioles do not have supportive cartilage rings true or false?
true
which are first, the respiratory bronchioles or the terminal brochioles?
from the bronchi, terminal bronchioles are first and then respirotry bronchioles
the respiratory brochioles (think where they are) have ____ walls, and the cell type is _____
thin
cuboidal epithelium
terminal bronchioles are what kind of cells?
cuboidal/low columnar epithelium
where do you find club cells?
in the terminal bronchioles
where are there no goblet cells anymore?
the terminal bronchioles
what do club cells do?
secrete surfactant as well as proteins associated with inflammatory responses and immune defences
what kind of cell is this and where would you find it?
a club cell, you would find it in the bronchioles
you can tell it is a club cell because it has secreatory vesicles in the top part, making granules
what kind of cells are these?
club cells in the bronchioles, you can tell because of the little granulations on the surface of the cell and look for the scalloped edge!
function of goblet cells is
to secrete mucous
function of ciliated cells is to
beat and push mucous up the respiratory tract
basal cells act as ____
stem cells
brush cells act as ____ but also participate in ____
stem cells
inflammatory response
name each type of cell
from left to right: goblet, basal, ciliated, neuroendocrine, brush
what are the three layers of the mucosa (mucous membrane)
epithelial layer, the basement membrane, and the lamina propria (connective tissue)
label
top: respiratory epithekium
bottom: adventitia (connetive tissue)
label
A: respiratory epithelium (ciliated, pseduostratified, you can see goblet cells)
B: lamina propria
C: basement membrane
label
left to right: basal cell, goblet cell, ciliated columnar cell
what cell type is the nasal vesitbule?
stratified squamous epithelium
what cell type is the olfactory epithelium?
pseduostratified columnar
what is this and how do you know
it is a nasal cavity. there is stratified squamous epithelium but it is not keratinizied
what type of epithelium does the nasopharynx have?
respiratory epithelium
what epithelum type does the oropharynx have?
stratified squamous
the pleura is a _____ consisting of the ____ and ____
serosa
mesothelium
underlying connective tissue
the mesothelium of the pleura ______. surface tension makes apposed faces resist _____. the fluid can also be used as a ____
secretes fluid
being pulled apart
lubricant to allow for sliding
what is this, what s arow
visceral pleura
triangle is pointing to the mesothelium. under it is the connective tissue
