Nerves & Vessels

Question 1

Where is the Central nervous system (CNS) located

Answer 1

brain, brain stem, and spinal cord

Question 2

where is the peripheral nervous system (PNS) located

Answer 2

all other nerves outside the CNS

Question 3

what are the two types of peripheral nervous systems

Answer 3

• afferent nerves (ascending, sensory)
• efferent nerves ( descending, motor)

Question 4

afferent nervous system

Answer 4

• travels towards the CNS (ascending)
• relay sensory information from the peripheral sensory receptors to the CNS for processing (touch, vibrations, etc. )

Question 5

efferent nervous system

Answer 5

• travels away from the CNS (descending)
• relay motos information from the CNS to muscles and glands

Question 6

where does the spinal cord end

Answer 6

around TXII - LII

Question 7

what is the point at the end of the spinal cord

Answer 7

conus medullaris

Question 8

what is the part of the spinal cord where the nerves branch off

Answer 8

cauda equina

Question 9

what is the labeling method for nerves in the vertebrae

Answer 9

vertebrae- numerals
nerves- numbers

Question 10

what is the hole in the base of the skull where the spinal cord leaves the skull to enter the vertebrae

Answer 10

foramen magnum

Question 11

where is the cranial nerve located, how many, and what is the role it plays

Answer 11

location- emerges from the brain stem
how many- 12 cranial nerves
role- visual, respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, and motor systems

Question 12

what does IVF stand for

Answer 12

intervertebral foramen

Question 13

where do the spinal nerves exit

Answer 13

spinal nerves exit the spinal canal through the IVF

Question 14

how many spinal nerves for cervical vertebrae

Answer 14

C1-C8

Question 15

how many spinal nerves for thoracic vertebrae

Answer 15

T1-T12

Question 16

how many spinal nerves for lumbar veretbrae

Answer 16

L1-L5

Question 17

how many spinal nerves for sacral vertebrae

Answer 17

S1-S5

Question 18

how many spinal nerves for the coccygeal

Answer 18

one spinal nerve (Co)

Question 19

where do the spinal nerves exit the IVF for cervical vertebrae

Answer 19

above the corresponding vertebrae

Question 20

where do the spinal nerves exit the IVF for thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Answer 20

below the corresponding vertebrae

Question 21

nerve root

Answer 21

the part of the nerve that branches off the spinal cord, passes through the IVF and connects to the peripheral nerve

Question 22

nerve

Answer 22

once the nerve exits the IVF it becomes the spinal cord

Question 23

where is the cervical plexus located

Answer 23

C1-C4

Question 24

where is the brachial plexus located

Answer 24

C5-T1

Question 25

where is the lumbar plexus located

Answer 25

L1-L4

Question 26

where is the sacral plexus located

Answer 26

L4-S4

Question 27

true or false: there is a plexus in the thoracic vertebrae

Answer 27

false

Question 28

what does the cervical plexus do

Answer 28

innervates the diaphragm , and some muscles, and skin on the head, neck, and upper chest

Question 29

what does the brachial plexus do

Answer 29

innervates the muscles of the upper limbs

Question 30

what does the lumbosacral plexus do

Answer 30

innervates the lower limbs

Question 31

innervation

Answer 31

nerves that control a muscles movement

Question 32

whats the inn of the gastrocnemius

Answer 32

lumbosacral plexus

Question 33

what are the nerve types in the upper extremity which plexus do they originate from

Answer 33

- radial nerve - median nerve - ulnar nerve they originate from the brachial plexus

Question 34

what are the nerve types in the lower extremity which plexus do they originate from

Answer 34

- sciatic nerve (made of the fibular nerve and the tibial nerve) - femoral nerve

Question 35

where is the radial nerve located

Answer 35

wraps posteriorly around the midshaft humerus. passes anterior to lateral epicondyle. travels posterolaterally in forearm

Question 36

where is the ulnar nerve located (funny bone)

Answer 36

travels along the medial humerus. passes posterior to the medial epicondyle. travels along the anteromedial forearm to the medial corner of the hand

Question 37

where is the median nerve located (carpal tunnel)

Answer 37

travels along the antero-medial humerus. travels anterior to the medial epicondyle. travels along the anterior forearm to the base of the middle of the palm

Question 38

where is the sciatic nerve located

Answer 38

travels out of the pelvis between the anterior sacrum and the posterior ischium. travels along the postero-medial femur. it splists just above the knee

Question 39

where is the common fibular nerve located

Answer 39

travels lateral to the knee. travels around the fibular neck. travels down anterior fibula and ends in dorsal surface of the foot

Question 40

where is the tibial nerve located

Answer 40

Travels across the posterior knee and posterior tibia. Travels medial to ankle joints to the plantar surface of the foot

Question 41

where is the femoral nerve located

Answer 41

Travels along medial ilium then travel superior/interior to the pubic bone travels along the anterior femur and ends in distal thigh musculature

Question 42

what is the importance of blood flow

Answer 42

- delivers nutrients and oxygen to muscles - removes waste

Question 43

what are the two arteries in the arterial system

Answer 43

- systemic arteries - pulmonary arteries

Question 44

what are the two veins in the venous system

Answer 44

- systemic veins - pulmonary veins

Question 45

systemic arteries

Answer 45

deliver oxygenated blood from the heart to the muscles throughout the body

Question 46

Pulmonary arteries

Answer 46

Deliver deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 47

Systemic veins

Answer 47

Deliver deoxygenated blood to the heart from the muscles of the body

Question 48

Pulmonary veins

Answer 48

Delivers oxygenated what to the heart from the lungs to be sent to the entire body via systemic arteries

Question 49

what does the arterial system do

Answer 49

carries blood away form the heart

Question 50

what does the venous system do

Answer 50

carries blood towards the heart

Question 51

what is the bridge between the arterial and venous systems

Answer 51

capillaries