Leg & Foot Flashcards
1
Q
intertarsal joint
A
type:
- plane
movement:
- sliding/gliding
2
Q
tarsometatarsal joints
A
type:
- plane
movement:
- sliding/gliding
3
Q
metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP)
A
type:
- condylar (ellipsoid)
movement:
- flexion/extension
- adduction/abduction
4
Q
interphalangeal joints (IP)
A
type:
- hinge
movement:
- flexion/extension
5
Q
what are the arches of the foot
A
- longitudinal arch
- transverse arch
6
Q
longitudinal arch
A
- runs along the sagittal plane
- found between the anterior calcaneus and the heads of the metatarsals
- has medial/lateral components
- highest on lateral side
- lowest on medial side
7
Q
transverse arch
A
- runs along the coronal plane
- starts at the anterior calcaneus and disappears near the head of the metatarsals
8
Q
what supports the medial arch
A
- tibialis posterior
- tibialis anterior
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor hallucis longus
9
Q
what supports the lateral arch
A
- fibularis longus
- fibularis brevis
10
Q
abduction/adduction in toes
A
- digit II is reference point
adduction: towards digit II
abduction: away from digit II
11
Q
retinaculum
A
- a band of thickened fascia that holds tendons, vessels, and nerves in place
- improves the pull of tendons
- superior/inferior extensor retinaculum
12
Q
tarsal tunnel
(Tim, Doug, And Nervous Hal)
A
- formed by the flexor retinaculum on the medial foot
tendons supported: - tibialis posterior
- flexor digitorum longus
- flexor hallucis longus
nerves/arteries: - tibial nerve/artery
13
Q
layers of the foot and the roles
A
- layer 1: most superficial
- layer 4: most deep
- support the foot and improve the efficiency of tendon pull
14
Q
quadratus plantae
A
- in the second layer of the foot musculature
origin: - anterior calcaneus
insertion: - flexor digitorum longus
15
Q
what are the dorsal muscles in the foot
A
extensor hallucis brevis:
- extension of the hallux
extensor digitorum brevis:
- extension of the phalanges
