Head, face, and neck musclature

Question 1

parts of the skull

Answer 1

• frontal
• temporal: mastoid process
• parietal
• occipital
• mandible
• zygomatic
• ramus (ramus, body, condylar process)

Question 2

clavicle and where it attaches

Answer 2

• connects to scapula at the acromial end
• connects to sternum at the sternal end

Question 3

parts of the scapula

Answer 3

• coracoid process
• acromion
• lateral/medial border
• superior/inferior angle
• scapula spine
• glenoid cavity

Question 4

skull joints (type and movement)

Answer 4

type: suture (solid)
movement: none
- coronal suture
- sagittal suture
- lambdoid suture

Question 5

temporomandibular joint

Answer 5

type: condylar
movement: elevation/depression, protraction/retraction, lateral deviation

Question 6

atlanto -occipital joint

Answer 6

type: condylar/ellipsoid
movement: flexion, depression, side flexion (left and right)

Question 7

atlantoaxial joint

Answer 7

type: pivot
movement: rotation
- CI and CII

Question 8

intervertebral joint

Answer 8

type: solid
movement: minimal to none
ligaments: intervertebral disc

Question 9

roles of the intervertebral discs and what its made of

Answer 9

• absorbs shock, binds spinal column together, supports body weight
• composed of fibrocartilage rings

Question 10

facet joints

Answer 10

type: plane
movement: sliding/gliding

Question 11

types of breathing mechanics

Answer 11

• inspiration
• expiration

Question 12

inspiration

Answer 12

• skeletal muscles move rib cage up and ut to allow for lung expansion
• ribs move in a bucket handle motion
• the diaphragm increases thoracic volume by compressing abdominal viscera, allowing for increased lung expansion

Question 13

what are the muscles used in inspiration

Answer 13

many muscles act as a synergist or fixators
- diaphragm
- intercostals
- scalenes (scalene mass)

Question 14

what are the joints used in inspiration

Answer 14

• costotransverse joints
• costovertebral joints
• sternocostal joints

Question 15

expiration

Answer 15

• skeletal muscles move rib cage down and in during forceful exhalation to force air out of the lungs
• the ribs move in a bucket handle motion
• the diaphragm passively moves up, back into its resting position

Question 16

what muscles are used in expiration

Answer 16

many muscles act as synergists or fixators
- internal obliques
- external obliques
- rectus abdominis
- intercostals

Question 17

parts of the CNS

Answer 17

• brain
• brain stem
• cranial nerves

Question 18

cranial nerves roles and how many

Answer 18

visual, respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, and motor systems
- 12 cranial nerves

Question 19

spinal nerves

Answer 19

• cervical: C1-C8
• thoracic: T1-T12
• lumbar: L1-L5
• sacral: S1-S5
• coccygeal: Co

Question 20

where does C1-C7 spinal nerves exit the IVF

Answer 20

above the corresponding vertebrae

Question 21

where does C8-Co spinal nerves exit the IVF

Answer 21

below the corresponding vertebrae

Question 22

brachial plexus

Answer 22

C5-T1
- innervates upper limbs

Question 23

arteries in the neck and shoulder

Answer 23

• brachiocephalic artery (right only)
• common carotid artery
• subclavian artery

Question 24

veins in the neck and shoulder

Answer 24

• superior vena cava
• brachiocephalic vein (right only)
• subclavian vein
• internal jugular veins

Question 25

temporalis

Answer 25

origin:
- temporal fossa of temporal bone
insertion:
- mandible
innervation: cranial nerve
function: elevation of mandible

Question 26

masseter

Answer 26

origin:
- maxilla
insertion:
- mandible
innervation: cranial nerve
function: elevation of mandible

Question 27

sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

Answer 27

origin:
- proximal sternum
- medial clavicle
insertion:
- mastoid process
- occipital bone
innervation: cranial nerve
function: side flexion and neck rotation

Question 28

trapezius (upper,mid,lower)

Answer 28

origin:
- occipital bone
- spinous process of CI-TXII
insertion:
- lateral clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
innervation: cranial nerve
function: elevation/depression, retraction of scapula

Question 29

scalene mass

Answer 29

origin:
- transverse process of cervical vertebrae
insertion:
- upper surface of ribs I and II
innervation: brachial plexus
function: elevation of ribs I and II, aids in forced inhalation

Question 30

triangles of the neck (anterior borders)

Answer 30

• neck midline
• inferior edge of mandible
• anterior edge of sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

Question 31

triangles of the neck (posterior borders)

Answer 31

• post edge of sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
• anterior edge of trapezius
• superior edge of clavicle
• inferior edge of occipital bone

Question 32

levator scapulae

Answer 32

origin:
- transverse process of cervical process
insertion:
- superior angle of scapula
innervation: brachial plexus
function: scapula elevation