Nephrology

Question 1

What are some features of Liddle Syndrome

Answer 1

HTN, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, Na+ retention, decreased renin/aldosterone (4-22)

Question 2

What are some distinguishing features of Bartter and Gitelman syndrome?

Answer 2

Bartter’s - hypercalciuria

Gitelman’s - hypocalciuria; sv magnesium wasting (4-22)

Question 3

What 2 dz should you r/o before dx SIADzH?

Answer 3

hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency

Question 4

Treatment of central and nephrogenic DI

Answer 4

Central DI - mild - thiazides and salt restriction; more severe - desmopressin
Nephrogenic DI - thiazides or amiloride

Question 5

Which 2 alcohol ingestions are associated with a HAGMA and high osmolar gap?

Answer 5

• methanol and ethylene glycol

- isopropyl alcohol is only associated with a high osmolar gap

Question 6

What are some associations with type 1, 2, and 4 RTA?

Answer 6

Type 1 - hypercalciuria and stones; see with autoimmune dz
Type 2 - multiple myeloma
Type 4 - diabetes
(4:17-18)

Question 7

What is Fanconi Syndrome?

Answer 7

glucosuria; amino aciduria; wasting of other solutes

Question 8

What are 4 pulmonary-renal syndromes to know?

Answer 8

Goodpastures (anti-GBM) which has normal complement (4-44) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegeners) which also has normal complements are the big two. Also microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Question 9

What are a couple of ways bactrim affects the kidney function?

Answer 9

1. It can cause AIN

2. It can cause reduced tubular secretion of creatinine so the creatinine will rise

Question 10

What are the classic findings of HSP?

Answer 10

purpura (lower extremities and buttocks), abdominal pain, arthralgia