Gastroenterology Flashcards
What conditions can you see acanthuses nigircans in?
DM2, obesity, GI and lung malignancies. Of the malignancies, it’s most often associated with gastric cancer.
What do the changes of primary sclerosing cholangitis look like on MRCP?
string of beads
What antibody do you see in UC and Chron’s?
UC = pANCA Chrons = ASCA (antisaccharomyces antibody)
What stool test signifies invasive diarrhea?
What antibiotic do you use for invasive diarrhea?
What about for Campylobacter?
What about for amebiasis?
What bacteria do antibiotics prolong the infection?
What antibiotic do you use to treat E. coli O157:H7?
Fecal leuks Quinolones Macrolides Metronidazole Salmonella Treat symptomatically; abx are contraindicated
If you think your patient has eosinophilic gastroenteritis, what other cause of peripheral eosinophilia do you want to rule out before starting steroids?
Strongyloides (giardia does not cause peripheral eosinophilia)
What dermatological manifestation do you see with celiac disease?
dermatitis herpetiformis
papulovesicular rash on the thorax and extremities
Endocarditis caused by what 2 bacteria is often associated with colon cancer?
- strep bovis
2. clostridium septicum
A patient has multiple osteomas found incidentally on an X-ray. What do you need to do next?
Get a colonoscopy
What tumor markers are for 1. colon cancer 2. pancreatic cancer 3. cholangiocarcinoma 4. ovarian cancer
- CEA
- CA-19-9
- CA 19-9
- CA 125
What are the AAAABCs of PBC?
Antimitochondrial Antibody Attack increases Alk phos and causes obstructive Biliary lesions and liver Cirrhosis
Onset of jaundice is when for Hep A vs Hep B?
3 weeks for Hep A; 3 months for Hep B
What vasculitis is associated with Hep B?
Polyarteritis Nodosa
What virus are 25% of HIV patients co-infected with?
Hep C
What do you think of when you see a young woman on OCP’s who has a mass in her liver?
Think adenoma - OCPs are associated with benign, hepatic adenomas
A patient who recently moved here from outside of the US presents with jaundice. What might it be due to?
Ascariasis
Which vitamin deficiencies develop after weeks?
water soluble vitamins, magnesium, zinc, essential fatty acids
Which vitamin deficiencies develop after months?
Copper and vitamin K
Which vitamin deficiencies develop after a year?
vitamins A, D, selenium, and chromium
Which vitamin deficiencies develop after several years?
iron, cobalt
Which vitamin deficiencies develop after many years?
B12
What is the earliest symptom of Vitamin A deficiency?
night blindness
What is pellagra?
Associated with niacin deficiency
Characterized by the 3 D’s: dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea
What are the first symptoms of Vitamin C deficiency?
petechial hemorrhages and ecchymoses
What’s a common presentation of Vitamin D deficiency?
musculoskeletal pain and weakness
What other cancers do you commonly see in women in families who have a h/o hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer?
ovarian and endometrial
A patient presents with new or worsening glucose intolerance. What might they have?
pancreatic cancer
Uranium mining is associated with what type of GI cancer?
gastric
True or False - gastric cancer is associated with ETOH consumption? Gastric ulcer increases the risk of gastric cancer?
False to both
Which bacterial organisms cause fecal leukocytes?
Shigella, along with Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, and Yersinia,
What happens if you start antibiotics in patients with E. coli O157:H7?
You increase the risk of it progressing to HUS
What disease do you suspect if you notice PAS+ laden macrophages in tissue?
whipple dz
- Treatment is initiated with IV ceftriaxone, and then the patient is placed on trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for a year.
