Neoplastic And Infection Pharm

Question 1

What do most chemotherapy medications do?

Answer 1

Disrupt cellular replication (also damages healthy cells)

Question 2

What are side effects of chemotherapy?

Answer 2

Hair loss

Constipation

Anemia

Secondary illness (low WBC)

Osteopenia

Poor nutrition

Question 3

What is the mechanism of alkylating agents (cytoxan)?

Answer 3

Mimics alkyl group to bind to DNA to prevent replication

Question 4

What is the mechanism of antimetabolites (capecitabine)?

Answer 4

Blocks DNA replication by interfering with metabolites used in replication

Question 5

What is the mechanism of genetic target (zelboraf)?

Answer 5

Inhibits activity of mutations in cells

Question 6

What is the mechanism of plant alkaloids (taxol)?

Answer 6

Interferes with cellular microtubules key for mitosis

Question 7

What is the mechanism of bio-response modifiers (interferons)?

Answer 7

Enhance body’s ability to respond to cancer

Question 8

What is the mechanism of heavy metals (carboplatin)?

Answer 8

Act similar to alkylating agents except use platinum to form cross links

Question 9

What does CHOP stand for?

Answer 9

3 chemotherapy drugs + steroid to manage lymphoma

Question 10

What are the exercise risks when someone is doing chemotherapy?

Answer 10

Bleeding risk and low bone mineral density

Question 11

What type of meds are used for infectious diseases?

Answer 11

Antibacterial and antiviral

Question 12

What are gram positive bacteria?

Answer 12

Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci

Question 13

What are the antibiotics used for gram positive?

Answer 13

Penicillins

Cephalosporins

Vancomycin

Question 14

What are gram negative bacteria?

Answer 14

E coli

Pseudomonas

Question 15

What are antibiotics for gram negative?

Answer 15

Cephalosporins

Zosyn

Question 16

What are anaerobe bacteria?

Answer 16

C diff

Bacteriodes

Question 17

What are antibiotics for anaerobe?

Answer 17

Vancomycin

Flagyl

Question 18

What is empiric therapy?

Answer 18

Choosing an antibiotic before labs come back

Question 19

What is directed therapy?

Answer 19

Choosing an antibiotic based on lab results

Question 20

What does minimum inhibitory concentration mean?

Answer 20

Concentration at which the growth of the organism is inhibited

Question 21

What are the cell wall synthesis inhibitors?

Answer 21

Glycopeptide (vancomycin)

Beta-lactams (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams)

Question 22

What are the cell membrane toxicity antibiotics?

Answer 22

Cyclic lipopeptides (daptomycin)

Question 23

What are nucleic acid toxicity antibiotics?

Answer 23

Fluoroquinolones (levaquin and cipro)

Question 24

What are the protein synthesis inhibitors?

Answer 24

Macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines (azithromycin, gentamycin, tetracycline)

Question 25

What do cell wall synthesis inhibitors do?

Answer 25

Binds to specific penicillin binding proteins and inhibits the final step for peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell wall

Question 26

What do cell membrane toxicity antibiotics do?

Answer 26

Punches holes in the cell membrane causing fluid disruption and eventually the cell to burst

Question 27

What do nucleic acid toxicity antibiotics do?

Answer 27

Disrupt the activity of the enzymes responsible for DNA transcription (inhibits replication)

Question 28

What do protein synthesis inhibitors do?

Answer 28

Causes production of membrane proteins that do not maintain cell membrane function (leads to cell death)

Question 29

What is C diff?

Answer 29

Severe diarrhea secondary to loss of good bacteria

Question 30

What are antiviral medications used to treat?

Answer 30

Infections caused by viruses other than HIV

Question 31

What are antiretroviral medications used to treat?

Answer 31

Infections caused by HIV

Question 32

What is HSV-1?

Answer 32

Oral herpes

Question 33

What is HSV-2?

Answer 33

Genital herpes

Question 34

What are the varicella zoster viruses?

Answer 34

Chickenpox and shingles

Question 35

What is zovirax for?

Answer 35

Herpes simplex

Question 36

What is amantadine for?

Answer 36

Flu

Question 37

What is famvir for?

Answer 37

Herpes zoster (shingles) and simplex

Question 38

What is foscarvir for?

Answer 38

CMV retinitis

Question 39

What is cytovene used for?

Answer 39

CMV retinitis

Question 40

What is tamiflu used for?

Answer 40

Flu