Neonatal nutrition

Question 1

What are the 5 contraindications to breastfeeding immediately?

Answer 1

1. If the mother had polyaniohydrosis then oesophageal atresia must be ruled out
2. If the infant has a low Apgar score
3. Severe maternal distress
4. If the mother has decided not to breast feed
5. Infant is going to be adopted

Question 2

What are the 3 kinds of milk

Answer 2

1. Clostrum
2. Foremilk: High in water and low in fat
3. Hindmilk: High in fat and low in milk

Question 3

What are 5 methods for increasing the mothers milk output

Answer 3

1. Reduce the mothers stress
2. Make sure that the baby latches
3. Put the infant to the breast regularly
4. Mother should rest between feedings and in the afternoon when the milk is not as much
5. The mother should only breastfeed and not use formula

Question 4

What could be a possible cause of the infant refusing the nipple

Answer 4

Oral thrush

Question 5

What is the treatment for large and engorged breasts

Answer 5

1. Suckling
2. Anagesia
3. Ice to reduce the swelling

Question 6

What causes mastitis

Answer 6

This is swelling due to the blockage of a milk duct

Question 7

What is the treatment for mastitis

Answer 7

Rest and warm compression and antibiotic treatment with 250mg/6hours with flucloxacillin

Question 8

What can be done to treat cracking nipples

Answer 8

Let some breast milk dry on the nipple

Question 9

What should be advised in formula feeding

Answer 9

Cup feeding should be done because:
1. Prevents nipple confusion
2. Easier to clean and keep sterile

Question 10

What are the 10 steps to a baby-friendly hospital

Answer 10

1. Have a written breastfeeding policy
2. Train all the staff on the skills needed to implement breastfeeding
3. Inform pregnant women
4. Help the mothers start
5. Teach the mothers how to maintain
6. Dont give the newborns water or formula
7. Keep the mother and the baby together
8. Encourage demand feeding
9. Discourage dummies
10. Promote the formation of support groups

Question 11

What does an HIV mother need to do to breastfeed

Answer 11

1. Dont mix feed
2. Take ARVs
3. Give the infant prophalaxis

Question 12

How long can breastmilk be stored in a room, fridge, and freezer

Answer 12

Room: 6 hours
Fridge: 48 hours
Freezer: 3-6 months