Adherence Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 main benefits to suppressive ART treatment

A
  1. For the individual the HIV becomes a manageable chronic illness
  2. For the sexual partners the risk of transmission is removed
  3. For the country, the population become healthy and there is a decrease in the reliance on public health
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2
Q

What is the U=U theory

A

This is the fact that people who take their ART daily develop undetectable viral loads and this means that they have effectively no risk of sexually transmitting the virus

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3
Q

What are the 3 main difficulties related to ART adherance

A
  1. Choice to start ART [Initiation]
  2. Taking the daily dose of the medication [Implementation]
  3. The need for a long term relationship with the health system [persistance]
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4
Q

What is the 90 90 90 strategy in antiretroviral therapy

A

It aims to achieve three primary goals:

90% of all people living with HIV should know their HIV status – Ensuring widespread testing and awareness of HIV status.

90% of those diagnosed with HIV should receive sustained antiretroviral therapy – Ensuring that those who know they are HIV-positive have access to continuous and effective ART.

90% of those on ART should achieve viral suppression – Ensuring that ART is effective, with patients reaching an undetectable viral load to reduce transmission and improve individual health.

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5
Q

What are the 4 main steps in achieving viral suppression

A
  1. Diagnose
  2. Start ART
  3. Keep people in care
  4. Keep people virally suppressed
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6
Q

What are 4 methods for monitoring adherence

A
  1. Subjective adherence: This is where the patient is asked about their adherance and self reports
  2. Pill counts: This is where a patients remaining pills are counted at the next visit
  3. Electronic metods; Smart bottles are used that record when they are oppened
  4. Drug concentrations: This is when biological markers are tested in the blood or urine
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7
Q

What are 4 strategies that have been shown to improve adherence

A
  1. Education and counselling methods
  2. Electrical interventions
  3. Health system restructuring
  4. Economic based interventions
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8
Q

What are some of the electrical tools that aid in improving adherence

A
  1. Mobile phone interventions: The are weekly or daily calls or SMS to improve adherence
  2. Electronic monitoring devices: Smart Pill Bottles
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9
Q

What are some of the barrier that are related to health system that influence adherence

A
  1. Long travels to clinics
  2. Long wait times at the clinics
  3. Clinics being out of stock
  4. Negative interactions with staff
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