Neo-Freudian Approach Flashcards
Who was Erik Homburger (1902-1994)
A German-born psychologist whose identity was influenced by his Scandinavian and Jewish heritage. He fled Nazi Germany in 1933 and held academic positions at Harvard, Yale, UC-Berkeley, and Penn.
What is Erikson’s “Ego Psychology”?
A theory where the Ego is a powerful part of personality, working to establish and maintain identity and mastery over one’s environment.
How does Erikson’s theory differ from Freud’s?
Erikson believed personality development continues throughout one’s lifetime, with 8 stages of development, each defined by a particular crisis
What is the crisis of Erikson’s stage during infancy?
Trust vs. mistrust
Trust: Needs met, feeling the world is good.
Mistrust: Feeling estranged
What is the crisis of Erikson’s stage during toddlerhood?
Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt
Autonomy: Personal mastery and independence
Shame/Doubt: Feeling dependent and shameful
What is the of Erikson’s stage during early childhood?
Initiative vs. Guilt
Initiative: Feeling ambitious and purposeful
Guilt: Lacking purpose and feeling guilty
What is the crisis of Erikson’s stage during elementary age?
Industry vs Inferiority
Industry: Feeling strong and capable
Inferiority: Feeling inadequate
What is the crisis of Erikson’s stage during adolescence?
Identity vs Role Confusion
Identity: Feeling Self-appreciation
Role Confusion: Feeling confused about identity
What is the crisis of Erikson’s stage during young adulthood?
Intimacy vs Isolation
Intimacy: Developing close relationships
Isolation: Feeling emotionally isolated
What is the crisis of Erikson’s stage during adulthood?
Generativity vs Stagnation
Generativity: Feeling enriched and satisfied
Stagnation: Feeling Empty and dissatisfied
What is the crisis of Erikson’s stage during old age?
Ego Identity vs Despair
Ego Identity: Feeling acceptance toward life
Despair: Feeling contempt and dissatisfaction with life
Who was Karen Horney (1885-1952)
A German-born psychoanalyst who challenged Freud’s ideas, emphasizing cultural and social factors over biological ones in hr Feminine Psychology
What are Horney’s 3 neurotic interpersonal styles?
Moving Toward People: Needy or clingy person seeking love and approval.
Moving Against People: Hostile person needing to control others, like a bully
Moving Away from People: Cold, aloof person avoiding relationships
Who was Erich Fromm (1990-1980)
A German psychoanalyst who studied Freud and Marx. He wrote “Escape from Freedom” (1941) to explain totalitarianism and taught at several universities
What are the two types of love according to Fromm?
Deserved Love: Based on merit, leading to doubt
Unconditional Love: Based on being, deeply longed for by everyone
