Cognitive Approach Flashcards
What is the primary basis of differences in personality according to the Cognitive Approach?
Differences in the way people process information
Why do people have different experiences at the same event, like a party?
Different perceptions lead to different experiences
Who is the founder of the Personal Construct Theory?
George Kelly
What is Kelly’s concept of “Man-the-Scientist”?
People act like scientists, generating and testing hypotheses about their world to predict and control events
What are Personal Constructs according to Kelly?
Cognitive structures used to interpret and predict events, organized in a bipolar manner (friendly-Not friendly)
How do differences in personality arise according to Kelly’s theory?
From differences in how people construe (interpret) the world
What does Kelly believe is the root cause of psychological problems?
Defects in personal construct systems, not past traumatic events
What emotion does Kelly associate with the failure of personal construct systems?
Anxiety
What is the goal of cognitive psychotherapy?
To help clients recognize self-defeating thoughts and replace them with appropriate, rational thoughts
What is Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) and who founded it?
A cognitive therapy by Albert Ellis that addresses faulty reasoning an irrational beliefs to change emotional consequences
What is the A-B-C model in REBT?
A: Activating event (failing a test)
B: Irrational Belief (“I’m stupid)
C: Emotional Consequences (anxiety or depression)
What is the goal of REBT?
To identify irrational beliefs, understand their flaws, and replace them with rational beliefs
Who is the founder of Cognitive Therapy?
Aaron T. Beck, MD
What is Beck’s Cognitive Triad?
Depressed individuals exhibit
Negative view of self
Negative interpretation of ongoing Experiences
Negative view of the Future
What is the main aim of Beck’s Cognitive Therapy?
To identify and modify biased thinking and maladaptive assumptions to reduce depression
