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Micro CCMLS > Neisseria, Haemophilus, AACEK > Flashcards

Neisseria, Haemophilus, AACEK Flashcards

1
Q

Neisseria general characteristics

A

aerobic
GNDC like coffee beans
ox +
cat+
non motile
acid from oxidation of carbs not fermentation

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2
Q

Neisserria gonorrhoeae overview

A

sexual transmitted
fastidious
capnophilic
GNDC like coffee beans
acid from glucose not other sugars
intracellular in PMNs
requires special media

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3
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical symptoms

A

2nd STD after Chlamydia
year 2000 increase in homeless/prostitute population
.5-3% dissemination: skin lesions, arthritis, joint fluid

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4
Q

Neisseria meningitidis overview

A

capsule
small GNDC
2nd cause of comm. aquired meningitis
swift progression

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5
Q

Neisseria meningitidis disease states

A

meningitis
septicemia
meningoencephalitis
arthritis
urethritis
young adult peak incidence (college dorms); most common in kids under 5
babies can get and develop symp later

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6
Q

Is Neisseria meningitidis normal flora?

A

yes in the nasopharynx

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7
Q

treatment of meningitis

A

IV penicillin (can cross blood brain barrier when meninges are acutely inflammed)
chloramphenicol or 3rd gen cephalosporin

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8
Q

Neisseria lactamica

A

normal flora of nasopharnyx
more common in kids

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9
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis overview

A

NF
GNDC
causes otitis media, sinusitis, bacteremia, endocarditis
looks like Neisseria but not in same group

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10
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis treatment

A

most prod. beta lactamase
penicillin resistant; some trimethoprim also
susceptible to: fluroquinolone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 2 and 3rd gen cephalosporins, erythromycin, amoxicillin-clavulana

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11
Q

Neisseria general lab characteristics

A

GNDC
capnophilic- 3-7%Nacl
special media: CHOC
NURF grows on BAP & CHOC
ox+
cat+
nit=
nonmotile

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12
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae lab characteristics

A

collection: urethral discharge, vaginal swab, rectal
transport media: Stuart’s or Annies, transgrow bottles: 5%CO2, Jembec plate
sm gry translucent raised opaque glistening on CHOC
Modified Thayer Martin media, Martin Lewis agar

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13
Q

modified Thayer Martin media

A

selective enrichment
suppress vaginal/rectal flora
denatured hgb, vitamins, L-cysteine, cornstarch (ab inhib. substances)
Ab- vancomycin (inhibit GPC), colistin (inh. GNR), trimethoprim (inh. Proteus swarm.), nystatin (inh. fungi)

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14
Q

Marin lewis agar

A

similar to MTM
[ ] vancomycin increased (gpc better supressed)
anisomycin instead of nystatin (inh. fungi and C. albicans)

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15
Q

Neisseria gonorrheae key tests

A

ox+
superoxol+ (30%H2O2)
glu+, mal=, suc=, lac=
latex aggl., FA tech., rapid enzyme panel, DNA probe- beta lactamase test (use 2 to confirm)

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16
Q

Neisseria meningitidis key tests

A

ox+
glu+, mal+, lac=, suc=
latex aggl.
not tested for beta lactamase

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17
Q

Neisseria lactamica key tests

A

rare cause of meningitis
gluc+, mal+, lac+, suc=
grow on CHOC/BA

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18
Q

Non pathogenic Neisseria

A

N. flavescens
N. polysaccharea
N. sicca
N. flava
N. subflava
N. perflava
N. mucosa
N. elongata

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19
Q

Non pathogenic Neisseria lab characteristics

A

colonies dry wrinkled opaque yellow self-adherant

20
Q

Non pathogenic Neisseria key tests

A

N. sicca: grow CHOC/BA, glu+, mal+, suc+, fru+, nit=
N. mucosa: grow CHOC/BA, glu+, mal+, suc+, fru+ , nit+
N. flavescens: grow CHOC/BA, no carb acid

21
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis key tests

A

GNDC
colony buff opaque smooth slide like hockey puck
ox+
=carb
DNase+,
butyrate esterase+
catarrhalis disk+ (blue)
beta lactamase=

22
Q

Haemophilus general characteristics

A

pleomorphic GNCB
require media w/ X,V, XV factors
needs increased CO2
non motile

23
Q

Haemophilus influenzae key tests

A

ALA=
Requires x and V
no hem. on BA

24
Q

Haemophilus aegypitius key tests

A

ala=
Needs xv
no hem on BA

25
Q

Haemophilus parainfluenzae key tests

A

ala+
x=, v+, V only
no hem on BA

26
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi key tests

A

ala=
x+, v=, x only
no hem on BA

27
Q

Haemophilus haemolyticus key tests

A

ala=
Requires x & v factors
hemolysis on BA

28
Q

Haemophilus parahaemolyticus key tests

A

ala+
x=, v+, v only
hemolysis on BA

29
Q

Aggregatibacter aphrophilua key tests

A

ox+ w
cat=
indole=
ferm.: glu+, lac+, mal+, suc+
GNCB
endocarditis assoc. w/ tongue piercing

30
Q

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans key tests

A

ox+
cat+
indole=
ferm.: glu+, lac=, mal+, suc=
GNCB slow grow 48-72 hrs

31
Q

Cardibacterium hominis key tests

A

ox+
cat=
indole+
ferm: glu+, lac=, mal+, suc+
GNR w/ rosette, teardrop, dumbbell form
may pit agar

32
Q

Eikinella corrodens key tests

A

ox+
cat=
indole=
ferm: glu=, lac=, mal=, suc=
thin GNR or CB
pits agar
smells like bleach
ornithine+

33
Q

Kingella kingae key tests

A

ox+
cat=
indole=
ferm: glu+, lac=, mal+, suc=
short rod w/ square ends

34
Q

Capnocytophaga key tests

A

ox+
cat v
indole=
ferm: glu+, lac=, mal+, suc+
gliding motility
colony sweats
esculin= (usually+)
nit+

35
Q

catarrhalis disk

A

brom-chloro-indolyl buturate ——–buturate esterase —- > purple/indigo color change

36
Q

beta-lactamase test should be tested on what organisms?

A

Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrheae, Moraxella catarrhalis

37
Q

beta lactamase test

A

disk contains the chromogenic cephalosporin known as nitrocefin which changes from yellow to red
when the organism is inoculated with a penicillin resistant organism

38
Q

Modified Thayer Martin (MTM)

A

Vancomycin – GPC
Colistin – GNR
Trimethoprim – Proteus
Nystain – fungi including yeast

39
Q

Martin Lewis (ML)

A

increased Vancomycin
Colistin - GNR
Trimethoprim - Proteus
Anisomycin - yeast

40
Q

Superoxol test

A

30% H2O2
to distinguish N. gonorrheae (+) from other Neisseria spp.
(neg)

41
Q

ALA-porphyrin test

A

The test medium contains delta aminolevulinic acid (ALA). The unknown organism is inoculated onto the medium and incubated for the appropriate amount of time. Growth is then observed under a Wood’s lamp (UV light). The organism fluoresces a “brick-red” color

42
Q

What does a positive ALA test tell us?

A

That it is able to synthesize X factor and does not require a source of exogenous X factor for growth.

43
Q

Which organism shows a school of fish morphology on gram stain?

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

44
Q

a group of heat-stable tetrapyrrole
compounds that are provided by several iron-containing pigments such as hemin and hematin

A

x factor

45
Q

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD) is what factor?

A

v factor

46
Q

What agar is V factor in?

A

Chocolate agar serves as a source of this substance in the growth of Haemophilus spp. It is normally present in 5% TSA Sheep Blood Agar as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD) but is inactivated by NADase enzymes in the agar. Gentle heating of the blood during the production of chocolate agar inactivates the enzymes that hydrolyze this substance and makes it more readily available for use by these bacteria
Isovitalex, an exogenous source of V-Factor is also added

47
Q

The AACEK group is made up of:

A

Aggregatibacter aphrophilus Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Cardiobacterium Eikinella Kingella

Micro CCMLS (12 decks)

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