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Micro/Immuno > Neisseria- Brockman > Flashcards

Neisseria- Brockman Flashcards

1
Q

neisseria is the only genus of _____ that frequently cause disease

A

Gm negative cocci

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2
Q

species of neisseria

A

N. gonorrhoeae (gonorrhea)

N. menigitidis (bacterial meningitis and septicemia)

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3
Q

characteristics of Neisseria

A
  • gram negative cocci, usually diplococci
  • non-motile
  • aerobes (but can grow anaerobically)
  • obligate human pathogens
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4
Q

meningococci ferment ____ and ____, but not ____

A

glucose; maltose; sucrose or lactose

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5
Q

gonococci ferment ____, but not ____

A

glucose; maltose or sucrose

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6
Q

virulence factors of N. meningitidis

A

large capsule, LPS endotoxin, outer membrane blebs, hemolysin

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7
Q

VFs of N. gonorrhoeae

A

no capsule, pili and strong adhesions, LPS endotoxin, IgA1 protease, phase/antigenic variation

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8
Q

gonococci adhesions controlled by:

A

presence/absence of phase variation

composition of antigenic variation

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9
Q

do NOT have flagella and are NOT motile

A

gonococci

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10
Q

in spread and multiplication of gonococci, extracellular protease cleaves IgA1 which may enable _____

A

escape from phagocytosis

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11
Q

gonococci attach to ____ cells which have microvilli

A

non-ciliated

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12
Q

non-ciliated microvilli engulf bacteria, internalized by _____

A

parasite directed endocytosis

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13
Q

gonococci may multiply within vacuoles

A

intracellular replication (protection)

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14
Q

vacuoles fuse with basement membrane

A

intracellular trafiic

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15
Q

in ____, vacuoles discharge bacteria into subepithelial connective tissue

A

exocytosis

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16
Q

3 general disease of meningococci

A
  1. uncomplicated bacteremic process
  2. metastatic infection of the meninges
  3. overwhelming systemic infection- circulatory collapse and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
17
Q

virulence factor differences

A

meningococci are heavily encapsulated by polysaccharide and produce hemolysin

18
Q

gonococcal infection of upper female/male reproductive tracts

A

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

called epididymitis in males

19
Q

disseminated gonococcal infections (DGI)

A
  • can result from PID due to endotoxin
  • pustular lesions of skin
  • inflammation of joints and tendons
  • suppurative arthritis
  • more common in women
20
Q

survival of gonococci

A
  • serum antibodies recognition

- evasion

21
Q

PID can cause ____ in women

A

-ectopic pregnancy
-chronic pelvic pain
-infertility
(all due to scarring of upper reproductive tract and adjacent organs)

22
Q

most Neisseria species are ____ resistant

A

penicillin

23
Q

_____ of close contacts is the primary means of preventing secondary cases of sporadic meningococcal disease

A

antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis

24
Q

vaccines for ____ are difficult to produce due to _____

A

gonococci; antigenic and phase variation and protective intracellular components

25
Q

expression of gene product is turned on or off at high frequency

A

phase variation in E. coli

26
Q

slipped strand mispairing is an example of ____ in N. gonorrhea

A

phase variation

27
Q

changes in composition or structure of surface molecules (i.e. pili– host cell attachment)

A

antigenic variation in N. gonorrhea

28
Q

Haemophilus species

A

small gram negative coccobacilli; aerobic (some anaerobic)

29
Q

H. influenzae requires _____ and ____ for growth

A

hemin (X factor); NAD+ (V factor)

30
Q

typeable H. influenzae strains are seven antigenically distinct ____

A

capsular polysaccharides

31
Q

non-typeable H. influenzae strains are ____

A

unencapsulated

32
Q

H. influenzae _____ is the most virulent

A

type B (Hib)

33
Q

virulence factors of Haemophilus

A
  • polyribosyl Ribitol phosphate (RPR) capsule
  • endotoxin, causing pathogen-directed endocytosis
  • IgA1 protease
  • pili and OM proteins
34
Q

many H. influenzae and non-typeable isolates produce ____, making them resistant to ____

A

beta-lactamase; penicillin or ampicillin

35
Q

____ is drug of choice to treat; ____ penetrate meninges well

A

chloramphenicol; 3rd generation cephalosporins

Micro/Immuno (15 decks)

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