Need to Know Terminology IV Flashcards
irony
- using the contrast between expectation and reality to strengthen a position in an argument
- e.g. we expect that by simply cutting budgets, we will moderate government spending. however, the only effect is that the government is spending elsewhere - less effectively
satire
- use of exaggeration, irony, and humor in order to expose the folly and foibles of society or politics
- e.g. now you can get alcohol, drug, antibiotic, and growth hormone-free chicken at pam’s (this example satirizes the “natural” food craze)
persona
- a role or character adopted by an author to present an argument (often satirically)
- e.g. i’m dean, a hard-working american, and proud dad. now i’m out of a job because of senator king.
this message is approved by gain for president
rhetorical devices: characterization
means that there must be a descriptive word associated with them whenever they are used
syntax (sentence structure)
- parallel syntax: text that uses parallel sentence structure
- e.g. your are fast. he is slow
- simple syntax: text that uses simple sentence structure
- e.g. he walked. he ran. he was safe.
diction (word choice)
- child-like diction: text that uses simple word choices that are child-like
- e.g. i liked the cars. there were red ones and blue ones
- academic diction: text that uses scholarly or scientific word choices
- e.g. we fused the molecular structure together by exposing them to radiation
tone (author’s attitude about the subject)
- emotional: text that conveys the author’s emotional feelings about a subject
- e.g. i was devastated to find that my family was gone
- logical: text that convey the author’s logical, unemotional feelings about a subject
- e.g. when i arrived, i discovered that my family was gone
the text below is an example of
we desperately need to create a type of wheat that is gluten-free. an increasing number of people are being faced with the frustration of gluten-intolerance. a wheat that was entirely gluten-free would eliminate a large portion of the frustration and provide essential nutrients tot hose suffering from gluten intolerance
emotional tone
the text below is an example of
how to write a ‘self-help’ bestseller
1. identify something that most people already know how to do
2. get a doctorate degree or two
3. cite the work of there, smarter people than you
4. come up with a dramatic title
5. find someone who will pay you for the privilege of publishing your book
satire
the text below is an example of
although creating a gluten-free wheat would certainly make baking easier for people with gluten intolerance, it is necessary to recollect that wheat without at least some gluten in it is no longer wheat
irony
the text below is an example of
the jumbo shrimp being served at buffet are hardly filling up my belly
irony
the text below is an example of
the fish swam quickly away from the pole. they knew that one bite onto that lure would lead to death
simple diction
the text below is an example of
the play opens as public school students embrace their uniforms. girls grasp onto their blazers in a firm hug. the lead says “i love wearing uniforms because i’m stripped of all original thought. i don’t have to express my individuality either”
satire
