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IPAP JUNIOR SEM. > NEED To KNOW Only Block 2 > Flashcards

NEED To KNOW Only Block 2 Flashcards

1
Q

NTK about Coccidiomycosis

A

Most common in Arizona

S/s: acute pneumonia
-cought, pluertic chest pain, fatigue, Headache
Fever, chills, nightsweats, arthalgias, Hilar/mediastinal lymphadenpathy, ERYTHEMA multifomre/ nodosum

High rate in immunocoomp pts as well as FILIPINOS and PREGNANT

DOC is Fluconazole
If severe: Amphotericin B

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2
Q

NTK Histoplasmosis

A

Common among bats, caves, chickens and bird droppings
Grows in the soil
Increased Rsk in smokers

(Rarely an epedimic)

S/s: flulike, hilar/ medistinal lymapdenotpathy
Low grade fever, wt loss, anemia
Leukopenia, and thrombocytopnia common

Tx: Usually self limiting
If hypoxic or last longer than 1 month
-Itraconazome or Amphotericin B

If HIV: Itraconazole (life long) )

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3
Q

NTK Cryptococcosis

A

Assoc with pigeon poop
Op infx in immuno comp
More common in men with a CD4 count below 200

S/s: CNS involvemnt with papules, pustules, ulcers, and sinuses

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4
Q

NTK Candidiasis

A

THRUSH

Always think HIV in a young adult
Immuno comp op infx

S/s thick vaginal D/c
Pregnant or DM
Post ABX tx

Tx: single dose flucanazole

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5
Q

NTK C.dif

A

Post ABX Tx, Nosocomial Diarhrea

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6
Q

NTK Norovirus

A

Cruise ship outbreaks!

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7
Q

NTK yersinia enteroicolitica

A 
Assoc with raw or undercooked pork 
Last 1-3 wks 
Acute onset of pain in the RLQ 
Psuedo appendicitis 
Assoc with poly arth

Tx: supportive with DOC- cipro

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8
Q

NTK Bacillus Cereus

A

Fried Rice Syndrome
Last 30min -15 hrs
Tx is Supportive Care
(Can use cipro or TMXSMP)

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9
Q

NTK C. Jejuni

A

Can be fecal oral or Food borne Transmission
(CHICKENS) (Sick pets) (Unpast milk)

S/s; 10+ watery bloody stools a day

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10
Q

NTK Salmonellosis

A

Sources: reptiles, birds, eggs, poulty, frogs

S/s; non bloody N/V/D
Mild abd cramping
Cholera like poops +tenesmus
12-36 post exposure

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11
Q

NTK Shigellosis

A 
Sigella Toxin 
ACUTE BLOODY DIARHEA 
PASSAGE OF MUCUS 
\+fever 
1-3 days post exposure

Tx: cipro, avoid narcs

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12
Q

NTK Travelers Diarhea

A

Tx: ciprofloxcain

Or Azithromycin

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13
Q

NTK Cholera

A

PAINLESS, watery rice water stools with fishy odor
NO FEVER

Tx: Supportive rehydration
Doxy or azithro can be used to shorten course

Prevention 10day prophylaxis

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14
Q

NTK Listeria monocytogenes

A

Pregnancy equals 25 % rsk of fetal loss
Hipanic women 24X more likey
Immunocomp op infx

Sources: dairy, cold cuts, hot dogs, cheeses, icecream, raw fruit, deli meats

S/s: fever, myalgias, arthralgias, back pain , head ache

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15
Q

NTK botulism

A

Canned food and Honey in peds

S/s: diploplia, facial wkness, dysphagia

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16
Q

NTK dengue fever

A 
VEry high fever 105.8 or higher 
Headcahe, RETROORBITAL pain 
Truncal rash 
Sever joint pains and muscle pains 
Small bleedin of gums nose and teeth

Test: TQ test: > 10 petechia per sq inch ( 5 minutes)

17
Q

NTK yellow fever

A

BLACK WATER VOMIT
+jaundice, N/bilious vomiting
Conjuctical injections (yellow)
+ leukopenia/ thrombocytopenia

Tx; Supportive, Central line, FFP

18
Q

NTK ebola/ marbung

A

Sever Headache, phayngitis, arthlagias, myalgias
+maculopapular rash
Followed by GI s/s N/V/D

19
Q

NTK lassa fever

A

Fever + wkness
Facial and neck EDEMA

Severe for pregnant women and offsrping

Deafness common

LFTs: Ast higher than alt

20
Q

NTK Hantavirus

A

HFRS
Occurs in the far east

Triad: fever, bleeding, and renal insufficiency

Source: rodents

Mild s/s in children under 15

21
Q

NTK crimean congo fever

A

Carried by ticks and assoc with livestock

S/s Massive ecchymosis, nosebleeds, hepatomegaly, substanial mucosal and GI bleeding , starts out like the flu

Tx: ribavirin

22
Q

NTK TB

A

50% death rate if untreated

High rsk groups: Forighners, low income, racial, elderly, long term care, IV drug users, occupation

Highest risk is HIV groups 7-10% increase per year

TB think HIV, HIV think TB

S/s: productive cough, fevr, wt loss, hemoptysis, anorexia, fatigue, nightsweats

PPD then CXR

LArger than 5cm for: HIV, transplants, long term steroid use, abn CXR

LArger than 10: DM, malignancies, IV drug use and HIV neg, CKD, 10mm in the past 2 years, children under 4 with Tb exposure

Larger than 15 for everyone else

Tx: LTBI- INH x 9 months + pyridoxine
Alt: rifamipin

23
Q

NTK Nec Fasc

A

Tx: Imipenem

24
Q

NTK strep throat

A

Group A beta hem strep ( Pyrogens)

Tonsilitis with exudate

Tx : PCN G (IM in no compliant)
Alt: clinda

25
Q

NTK rheumatic fever

A

Prevention: early and correct Tx of strep throat

2-3 weeks post infx
Effects mitral valve most

Major criterai (jones) 
Joint pain , Carditis, Erythmeam marginatusm, subq nodules 
Syndeham chorse,

MInor criteria: fever, pr interval, elevated ESR, CRP

26
Q

NTK scarlet fever

A

Fever (low grade) Chills, Headache
Vomiting ,Pharyngitis, Tongue dorsum with a white exudate , Projecting edematous papillae
SAND PAPER like skin

Tx: PCN or erthyro

27
Q

NTK SSS

A

Fever, ttp, sandpaper like skin, Nikolskys sign (skin seperates with gentle stoking)

28
Q

NTK TSS

A

N/V/D, Flulike, fever >102
AMS, Soft tissue Infx, chills, myalgia
Desquamation 1-2 wks post illness involves palms and soles, HOTN SBP less than 90

Traid: Sudden onset fever, Rash, HOTN

+Thrombocytopenia

29
Q

NTK Group B strep

A

Tx: PCN G
40 % death rate if untreated

S/s Peripartum fever
UTI, pneumonia, endocardiatis ect

30
Q

NTK MRSA

A

Can be Tx outpt with lessions are less than 5 cm

Tx: TMXSMP, Docy, or clinda

Inpt: Vanc

31
Q

NTK Tetanus

A

Spores from the soil, dust, animal waste
Vegative active form

S/s generlized tetanus, local, cephalic, or neonatal
Lockjaw, muscle cramps, SZR, severe pain

Ts: Diazapam (SZR) Immunoglobins and metronidazole

32
Q

NTK measles

A

Droplet contact
Fever, coryza, cough, +KOPLIK spots (spots on the buccal mucosa)

Characteristic red blotch rash that starts on the face, then the truck, and arms 3-7 days.
Leukopenia is very common

Assoc with a Vit A deficiency

33
Q

NTK EBV/ Mono

A

Fever, sore throat, splenomegaly
“Kissing dz”

Chills, malase, fatigue, prolonged recovery
+jaundice, abnml AST, lymphocytosis greater than 50%

34
Q

NTK Mumps

A

Fever, with parotid swelling, dyspahgia, and malaise

+orchitis/ oophortis

35
Q

NTK polio

A

Infx occurs in the Gi tract
Spreads to the regional lymp

Flaccid parralysis
With 90% infx being subacute

S/s FVR, asymetric paralysis, flaccid with intact sensory

36
Q

NTK Varicella

A

Occurs in the axilla or diaper area

Septic complications in ped, common cause of death
Can cause pneumonia

Tx: acyclovir
Over 50? = shingrix

Consider VZIG with 96 hours post exposure

37
Q

NTK erythema infectiosum

A

Its PARPVIRUS B aka 5th dz

5-15 yr old pts common

38
Q

NTK Zika virus

A

Causes microcephaly and Guillain Barre syndrome

Focal macular pigment mottling, chorioretinal atrophy,
Congential glaucoma w/ optic nerve hypoplasia, with optic disc abnormalities

IPAP JUNIOR SEM. (43 decks)

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